摘要
城市能源消费碳排放核算方法的选择对核算结果具有一定影响。本研究参照IPCC温室气体排放清单编制方法,根据中国能源统计现状,利用能源表观消费量数据和现行的能源消费碳排放核算方法,将能源消费碳排放核算方法分为3种核算方式:①基于能源平衡表的能源消费碳排放核算;②基于一次能源消费量的能源消费碳排放核算;③基于终端能源消费量的能源消费碳排放核算,并分别根据3种能源消费核算方法构建城市能源消费碳排放核算体系;以北京市为案例对比3种方法的能源消费碳排放核算结果。研究结果表明,能源消费碳排放核算方法的选择对核算结果有很大影响,通过分析误差产生的原因,认为排放因子、碳氧化水平及加工转换过程是产生不确定性的3个主要原因。基于能源平衡表的修正后的能源消费碳排放核算方法,可以在一定程度上避免在能源加工转换过程中的二次能源消费遗漏及重复计算,然而,由于当前的国民经济核算体系尚不能满足能源消费碳排放计算的需要,需要尽快建立更为细致的统计核算体系。
Energy-related CO2 emission is one of the largest drivers for accelerating atmosphere radiative forcing which contribute to global warming,and thus needs to be taken in high priority for Greenhouse-gas （GHG） emission abatement.Cities,with its aggregation of economic activities and associated energy use,are the main contributors of energy consumption CO2 emissions and may be critical for CO2 mitigation and adaptation to climate change.However,uncertainty exists among urban energy consumption CO2 emissions,as the accounting methods of carbon emissions for urban energy consumption would affect accounting results,hindering climate adaptation and CO2 mitigation policies.Here,we analyzed the discrepancy between different CO2 accounting methods,and illustrated the underlying reasons.The study is based on the reference approach of IPCC Guideline for National Greenhouse-gas Emission Inventory,adopted China＇s energy statistical data,and categorized energy consumption into three accounting methods based on apparent energy consumption data,i.e.,1） final energy use of carbon emission from an energy input-output perspective,2） total energy consumption account by major energy category,and 3） final use account by energy category.Solid,liquid,and gas fuel are accounted for.Furthermore,an accounting system of carbon emissions from urban energy consumption was established based on the three types of accounting methods.Accounting results of carbon emission from energy consumption in Beijing were obtained with the three methods.Results show that discrepancies exist among the three types of accounting methods.By further analyzing the causes of discrepancy,it was concluded that 1） the discrepancy is generally caused by differing account methods and associated data error;2） the accounting method of CO2 emissions based on the energy balance sheet may avoid the omission and double counting of the secondary energy consumption due to its direct reflection on the input and output status of energy production and use,and lead to a smaller error compared with other methods in theory.It was indicated that the accounting method based on the energy balance sheet needs to be placed in high priority for urban energy consumption CO2 emission accounting.The current statistics system needs to be more explicit to satisfy the calculation requirement of carbon emissions from energy consumption.
出处
《资源科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第7期1325-1330,共6页
Resources Science
基金
国家自然科学基金重点项目(编号:71033004)
中国科学院百人计划项目(编号:08YBR1119S)
辽宁省博士科研基金(编号:20101124)
国家科技支撑计划项目(编号:2011BAJ06B01)
国家科技支撑计划项目(编号:2008BAJ10B01-01)
关键词
CO2核算方法
能源消费
中国能源统计
CO2 emission accounting
Energy consumption
China＇s energy statistics
