摘要
目的：探讨北京市海淀区03岁儿童气质特点和分布类型,为改善儿童心理行为问题提供理论依据。方法：采取随机抽样的方法,抽取北京市海淀区851名03岁儿童为研究对象,应用611个月婴儿气质量表、13岁儿童气质量表进行气质测查和基本情况调查。结果：①851例03岁儿童的气质类型为易养型占43.24%,中间偏易养型占37.6%,启动缓慢型占3.76%,中间偏难养型占4.47%,难养型占10.93%。②男童与女童相比难养型的比例明显升高（P〈0.05）,高年龄组儿童易养型的比例明显高于低年龄组（P〈0.05）。③男女童在活动水平、趋避性、表达强度、反应域等气质维度上差异有统计学意义。结论：北京市海淀区03岁儿童的主要气质类型是平易型,部分气质维度在不同性别和年龄间存在差异。
Objective：To explore the characteristics and distribution types of infants aged 03 years old in Haidian district,Beijing,provide a theoretical basis for improving the status of psychological behaviors of infants.Methods：A random cluster sampling method was used to select 851 infants aged 03 years old from Haidian district as study objects,611 month-old infantile temperament scale and 13 year-old children temperament scale were used for temperament assessment and basic condition survey.Results：Among 851 infants aged 03 years old,the proportions of easy type,intermediate partial easy type,slow-to-warm up type,intermediate partial difficult type and difficult type were 43.24%,37.6%,3.76%,4.47% and 10.93%,respectively;the proportion of difficult type in boys was significantly higher than that in girls（P〈0.05）.The proportion of easy type in high age group was significantly higher than that in low age group（P〈0.05）.There was significant difference in temperament dimensions including activity level,phobotaxis,expression intensity and reflecting threshold between boys and girls.Conclusion：The main temperament type of infants aged 03 years old in Haidian district is easy type,there is significant difference in partial temperament dimensions between infants of different genders and ages.
出处
《中国妇幼保健》
CAS
北大核心
2011年第3期375-377,共3页
Maternal and Child Health Care of China
关键词
气质
维度
儿童
Temperament Dimension Children
