摘要
年龄—前瞻记忆矛盾现象在实验室情境和自然情境研究中普遍存在。当任务设置为日常情境时,前瞻记忆不受年龄影响或随年龄增长而促进,前瞻记忆成绩可能受人格、生活方式、任务材料、提示等因素的影响;当任务是实验室情境设置时,与年轻被试相比,老年被试前瞻记忆成绩一般都较差,前瞻记忆成绩可能受回溯记忆负载、线索类型和策略控制加工的需求等因素的影响。年龄-前瞻记忆矛盾现象可能来自于环境与意向的社会性特征、认知资源分配策略等方面的原因。最后,从被试控制、任务材料的设置、动机因素的探索等方面对今后的研究提出建议和展望。
The age-prospective memory （PM） paradox in laboratory and naturalistic conditions widely exists When the tasks were set in naturalistic conditions, there were no age differences in the performance of prospective memory, and in some occasions older adults even performed better, possibly resulted from personality, life styles, task materials and reminders. When the tasks were set in laboratory conditions, the performance of prospective memory tended toward age-related decline, possibly resulted from recollection memory load, the type of cues, and the need of strategy control processing in tasks.The age-prospective memory （PM） paradox may result from the social characteristic of environment and intention or the strategy of allocating the cognitive resources. At last we provide future researches with advices about the control of subjects, task materials, and the exploration of motive causes.
出处
《心理科学进展》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第2期193-201,共9页
Advances in Psychological Science
基金
“973”计划“宇航员长期在轨飞行的作业绩效研究”之“宇航员长期在轨飞行基本认知功能及情绪对认知的影响”(2011CB711001)
国家自然科学基金重大研究计划“视频选择性注意机理与语义特征提取”(90920001)项目资助
