摘要
目的研究国人胚胎皮肤的组织发生和组织化学变化。方法取５６例胎龄１３～３８周胎儿皮肤，石蜡切片，用Ｈ－Ｅ和组织化学方法染色，光镜观察。结果１３周表皮由３层细胞组成，周皮完全脱落，１７周出现角化，眼睑部２０周出现角化。２１周后表皮可分为４层细胞。黑素颗粒于１５周出现于毛囊原基处。随胚胎发育黑素颗粒逐渐增多；１６周出现汗腺原基，１８～２１周分化为腺泡；１３周出现毛囊原基，１５周形成毛囊和毛干，１６周形成皮脂腺，２５周形成立毛肌；组织化学：上皮细胞和毛囊上皮细胞内有糖原颗粒和糖蛋白类物质。毛乳头及皮下组织含有透明质酸和硫酸软骨素。毛囊内根鞘细胞含ＡＣＰ。结论随胎龄增加，皮肤发育渐完善。
Objective To study the histogensis and histochemistry of the skin of human fetus.Methods Study is reported on section of the skin taken from 56 normal fetuses whose fetal ages were 13～38 weeks.After they are stained by the method of histology and histochemistry,the skin are observed with LM.Results When the fetal age was 13 weeks,the epidermis was made up of 3 layars of cells.The periderm has come off.During the 17th week,stratum corneum was formed.But during the 20th week,cution were formed in the eyelid.After about the 21st week,the epidermis was divided into 4 layers of cells.During the 15th week,melanin granules were formed in the base of hair follicles,Melanin granules increase with the growth of the fetuses.During the 16th week,the base of the sweat gland was formed.During the 18th～21st weeks,the base of the sweat gland differentiated into alveoli.During the 13th week the base of hair follicles was formed.During the 15th week,hair follicles and hair shafts were formed.During the 16th week,the sebaceous gland was formed.During the 25th week,musculi arrectores pilorum were formed.Histochmistry:Epithelial cells of hair follicles all contained glycogen granules and glycoprotein.Hair papilla and hypodermis all contained hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate.The cells of internal root sheath contained ACP.Conclusion Development of the skin gradually became perfect with the increase of fetal age.
出处
《济宁医学院学报》
1998年第2期11-14,共4页
Journal of Jining Medical University
