摘要
骨亚健康状态是指骨健康和骨质疏松症之间的状态,即骨量丢失、骨密度下降,但尚不能诊断为骨质疏松症的状态。随着老龄化社会的到来,骨质疏松症的发病率正呈逐年上升的趋势,在世界常见慢性病中已跃居第7位,成为中老年妇女骨痛骨折及因骨折致残、致死的主要原因之一,目前已成为危害人类健康的严重公共卫生问题。骨质疏松症是以骨量减少、骨微结构破坏为特征的,导致骨折危险因素增加的全身性骨骼疾病,其本身在早期并无明显的临床症状,被认为是“无声无息的流行病”,加之人们对骨质疏松知识的缺乏,一般人往往容易忽略。而骨质疏松呈进行性而难以逆转的病理过程,一旦发生骨质丢失便难以恢复骨的正常结构,并且目前尚无理想的治疗方法。但是,骨质疏松症是可以预防的,通过开展骨质疏松防治的健康教育,改变人们的不良认知,建立有利于骨健康的行为方式,可达到无病防病,消除可控病因;对于绝经后的妇女以及有不利于骨健康的生活习惯、某些疾病、某些药物的长期使用等高危人群,及早进行骨密度的筛查以实现早期诊断,同时对处于骨亚健康状态的人群进行早期干预,可延缓骨质疏松的发生、发展,或使之得到一些改善;对已经患有骨质疏松症者,应采取积极措施,预防骨折的发生,以提高生活质量。笔者从无病防病,早期诊断、早期干预和预防骨折等三级预防的角度论述了骨质疏松症防治的重要性,希望通过对骨亚健康状态的早期干预和对骨折的预防,减少骨质疏松症对人类的危害。
The status of bone sub-health is a station between bone health and osteoporosis. There is bone mass loss,bone mineral density reduction but undiagnosed osteoporosis. With aging of the society,the incidence of osteoporosis is rising,and becomes the main public health problem at present. Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease characterized by bone mass reduction and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue,with a consequent increase in bone fragility and susceptibility to fracture. It is often neglected because there are no significant symptoms and general population lack of the knowledge of the osteoporosis. But once the pathological process of osteoporosis is happening,it will be rather difficult to reverse. It will be difficult to restore normal bone structure in the event of bone loss,and there is no ideal method of treatment. However,we can provide the public with the knowledge on prevention and cure of the osteoporosis,change in cognition by the health education,and establish the behavioral style for bone health to eliminate the causes controllable. We should screen for susceptible cases of osteoporosis in post-menopausal women and people with other high risk factors in order to achieve early diagnosis,and intervention should be carried out in order to delay the occurrence and development of osteoporosis,or even gain some improvements. We should take positive measures to prevent fractures and improve quality of life of the osteoporosis population. This article discusses the importance of prevention and treatment of osteoporosis by tertiary prevention. It is hoped that the intervention of bone sub-health state and prevention of fractures in osteoporosis will lead to reduction of the damages this disease does to human beings.
出处
《中国骨质疏松杂志》
CAS
CSCD
2009年第4期304-307,共4页
Chinese Journal of Osteoporosis
基金
民政部“十一·五”课题资助项目(200847129)
关键词
骨亚健康
骨质疏松
干预
Bone sub-health
Osteoporosis
Intervention
