摘要
[目的]比较体力与脑力劳动者因伤病导致缺勤的情况,探讨危险因素,为预防伤病减少缺勤提供依据。[方法]随机整群抽样法选择3896名体力劳动者与2719名脑力劳动者,调查其伤病缺勤及影响因素。[结果]体力劳动者年均缺勤天数(5.4d)比脑力劳动者(20.8d)低,体力劳动者随年龄增高而增加。体力劳动者的年缺勤率(24.0%)比脑力劳动者(65.6%)低。logistic回归分析结果,性别和教育程度是影响体力劳动者伤病缺勤的背景因素,急性胃肠炎、恶性肿瘤、泌尿系感染等是导致缺勤的主要伤病;而婚姻状况、教育程度和年龄是影响脑力劳动者伤病缺勤的背景因素,肥胖、上呼吸道感染和糖尿病等是引起缺勤的主要疾病。[结论]导致体力与脑力劳动者缺勤的主要伤病存在差异,应根据不同劳动类型制定相应措施,预防疾病,减少缺勤。
[Objective] To investigate sickness absence and risk factors of physical employees （PEs） and mental employees （MEs） for the disease prevention. [Methods] Totally 3 896 PEs and 2 719 MEs were selected by random cluster sampling and the factors of sickness absence were investigated by using WAI questionnaire. [Results] Work loss days per year in PEs （5.4 d） were significantly lower than that in MEs （20.8 d）. Sickness absence days increased with age in PEs. The absence rate in PEs （24.0%） was lower than that in MEs （65.6%）; Logistic regression analysis showed that gender and education level were risk factors, acute gastroenteritis, cancer and urinary tract infection and so on were contributed to sickness absence in PEs; Marital status, education level and age were main risk factors in MEs. And obesity, upper respiratory infection and diabetes and so on were contributed to sickness absence. [Conclusion] Different risk facors of sickness absence exist for physical and mental employees. Different measurements should be taken for the disease prevention and reduction of sickness absence according to different work types.
出处
《海峡预防医学杂志》
CAS
2008年第4期14-16,共3页
Strait Journal of Preventive Medicine
基金
福建省青年人才项目(项目编号:2006F3034)
福建省卫生厅2007年青年科研课题
关键词
职业卫生
伤病缺勤
体力劳动
脑力劳动
Occupational Health
Sickness Absence
Physical Work
Mental Work
