摘要
目的探讨影响儿童变应性鼻炎-哮喘综合征（CARAS）和哮喘发病的环境因素，为儿童哮喘的防治提供科学依据。方法对2004—2007年本院收治的657例CARAS和哮喘患儿采用问卷随机抽样调查法调查其相关的环境因素，包括哮喘患儿的一般资料、住宿环境、家族史及过敏史、诱发因素、变应原，并应用SPSS11．5软件对相关因素进行单因素χ^2检验及多因素的Logistic回归分析。51份问卷未填写完整而被剔除。结果1．被动吸烟、湿疹史、哮喘家族史、变应史、海鲜、油烟、油漆、气候变化和劳累等因素对CARAS和哮喘患儿发病的影响有显著性差异（χ^2=39．36，17．89，3．87，6．74，19．44，5．85，15．04，6．288，4．33P。〈0．05），而装修、毛绒玩具、泡沫制品、宠物、牛奶、鸡蛋、上呼吸道感染、运动、螨虫、花粉、鱼虾、动物皮毛和霉菌等因素对二组的影响无显著性差异（Pa〉0．05）。2．儿童CARAS的主要危险因素为被动吸烟、湿疹、哮喘家族史、变应史、海鲜、油漆、气候变化和劳累，其OR值及95％可信区间分别为3．12（2．17～4．49）、1．72（1．22～2．43）、1．67（1．19～2．35）、1．85（1．32～2．60）、3．11（1．93～5．01）、2．03（1．29～3．21）、1．49（1．04～2．13）和1.88（1．06～3．36）。结论环境因素对儿童CARAS的影响明显高于儿童哮喘是影响其疗效和预后的重要因素。
Objective To explore the environmental factors of combined allergic rhinitis and asthma syndrome（CARAS） and asthma in children,and to provide evidence for preventing asthma in children. Methods Six hundred and fifty - seven children with CARAS and asthma were selected as subjects of epidemic investigation by random sampling. The subjects were surveyed about the environmental factors of children with asthma,chisquare test and Logistic regression analysis were performed to find the factors contributing to those factors. Results 1. There were significant differences in the influence of asthmatic attack factors with passive smoking, history of eczema, family history of asthma, history of allergy, sea food, chimney soot,paints, weather change and exertion in CARAS and asthma group （χ^2 = 39.36,17.89,3.87,6.74, 19.44,5.85,15.04,6.288,4.33 Pa 〈0.05）.There were no significant differences in the influence of fitment,feather toys,foam,favor animal,milk,heneggs,infection of respiratory tract, movement, house dust mites, pollen, fish and shrimp, anifmal fur and mould in both groups （Pa 〉 0.05）. 2. The major risk factors were associated with passive smoking, eczema, family history of asthma, history of allergy, sea food, paints, weather change and exertion with OR and 95% CI as 3.12 （2.17 - 4.49 ）, 1.72 （ 1.22 - 2.43 ）, 1.67 （ 1.19 - 2.35 ）, 1.85 （ 1.32 - 2. 60） ,3.11 （ 1.93 -5.01） ,2.03（1.29 - 3.21 ）, 1.49 （ 1.04 - 2. 13） and 1.88 （ 1.06 - 3.36） ,respectively. Conclusion Environmental factors in children with CARAS are greater than that of in children with asthma.
出处
《实用儿科临床杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第4期269-271,共3页
Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics
关键词
变应性鼻炎-哮喘综合征
哮喘
环境因素
儿童
combined allergic rhinitis and asthma syndrome
asthma
environmental factor
child
