摘要
运用野外调查方法,于2004年5月和9月,对太湖32个点的水生植物进行了环湖调查,发现沉水植物主要有:马来眼子菜(Potamogeton malaianus)、微齿眼子菜(Potamogeton maackianus)、伊乐藻(Elodea nuttallii)、金鱼藻(Ceratophyllum demersum)、苦草(Vallisneria natans)、穗花狐尾藻(Myriophyllum spicatum)等;浮叶植物主要有:莕菜(Nymphoides peltatum)、金银莲花(Nymphoides indica)和野菱(Trapa quadrispinosa)等;进一步分析了大型水生植物对太湖湖水和沉积物的营养盐的影响。结果表明,太湖大型水生植物生长与分布对其水体中N、P营养盐有显著影响。有草区上覆水中TP含量(5月、9月分别为0.067、0.050mg·L-1)和沉积物中TP含量(5月为0.399mg·g-1)显著低于无草区(水体分别为0.133、0.129mg·L-1;沉积物为0.513mg·g-1);有草区沉积物中的氮(0.010mg·g-1)和有机质(分别为7.402、6.502mg·g-1)要高于对照(氮0.007mg·g-1;有机质5月、9月分别为5.755、5.455mg·g-1)。方差分析结果差异显著,表明太湖大型水生植物对富营养化湖水和沉积物营养盐具有一定的调控作用。
The distribution and growth of submerged and floating macrophytes in Taihu Lake were investigated in May and September 2004, and the concentrations of nutrients and organic matter in the areas with macrophytes were analyzed, using the area without macrophytes as the control. Results showed that the dominant species of submerged macrophytes were Potamogeton macekionus, Potamogeton malaianus, Elodea nuttalli, Myriophyllum spicatum, Ceratophyllum demersum and Vallisneria natans; and the dominant species of floating-leaved macrophytes were Nymphoides peltatum, Nymphoides indica and Trapa quadrispinosa. The total phosphorus （TP） concentration in the water column and sediment with macrophytes were lower than that the control. The mean TP in the water column in the area with macrophytes was 0.067 mg·L^-1 and 0.050 mg·L^-1 in May and September, respectively; while that in the control was 0.133 mg·L^-1 and 0.129 mg·L^-1 in May and September, respectively. The mean TP in the sediments with macrophytes was 0.399 mg·g^-1 in May; and the control was 0.513 mg·g^-1 in May. However, TN and organic matter concentrations in the sediments at the area with maerophytes were higher than the control. The mean concentration of organic matter in the area with macrophytes was 7.402 mg·g^-1 and 6.502 mg·g^-1 in May and September, and the control was 5.755 mg·g^-1and 5.455 mg·g^-1 in May and September, respectively. As for TN, the mean values were 0.01 mg·g^-1 and 0.007 mg·g^-1 in May in the two areas. Based on ANOVA, a significant difference between the two areas was found, indicating that the growth of macrophytes could control nutrients in water column and sediments in eutrophic Taihu Lake.
出处
《农业环境科学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第2期698-704,共7页
Journal of Agro-Environment Science
基金
中国科学院知识创新重大项目(KZCX1-SW-12)
国家863计划项目(2002AA601011)
关键词
太湖
水生植物
营养盐
氮
磷
沉积物
Taihu Lake
aquatic macrophyte
nutrient
N
P
sediment
