摘要
文章选取12种水生植物苦草、篦齿眼子菜、伊乐藻、水龙、蕹菜、节节草、芦苇、水葱、风车草、紫芋、水生美人蕉和梭鱼草为研究对象,于2018年10底至12月中旬在深圳市茅洲河中游河畔开展试验,对比研究其对河流污染水体的净化能力。结果表明,12种水生植物对茅洲河污染水体TN和COD的去除率差异显著(p<0.05),对TP和NH3-N去除率差异不显著(p>0.05)。本土优势种水龙和节节草能快速生长、繁殖,且对TN、NH3-N和TP具有较高的去除率,分别达86.0%、41.3%和95.1%以上,但是对COD的去除率较低。挺水植物紫芋表现出最强的综合水质净化能力,其对TN、NH3-N、TP和COD的去除率分别为93.1%、98.1%、42.3%和80.8%,并能在较短时间内大幅降低水体中TN和NH3-N浓度。水生美人蕉、水葱和芦苇等挺水植物也显示出较强的水质净化能力,可作为水质净化中的优选种类。伊乐藻、苦草和篦齿眼子菜3种沉水植物在试验过程中生长较缓慢,对TN和COD的去除率较低,但显示出较强的TP净化能力,TP去除率分别为48.6%、43.1%和42.9%,且能在较短时间内大幅降低水体TP浓度。
Twelve kinds of aquatic macrophytes were selected to study their purification ability to polluted urban river,including Vallisneria natans,Potamogeton pectinatus,Elodea nuttallii,Ludwigia adscendens,Ipomoea aquatic,Commelina diffusa,Phragmites australis,Schoenoplectus tabernaemontan,Cyperus involucratus,Colocasia tonoimo,Canna glauca and Pontederia cordata.An experiment was conducted on the middle reach of Maozhou River,Shenzhen from late October to middle December 2018.The results indicates that the removal rates of TN,TP and COD among the 12 aquatic macrophytes were significantly different(p<0.05),while the removal rates of NH3-N were not(p>0.05).Ludwigia adscendens and Commelina diffusa,which are local dominant species,showed high reproduction rates and high removal rates of TN(>86.0%),NH3-N(>41.3%)and TP(>95.1%),and low removal rate of COD.Colocasia tonoimo showed the highest purification capacity to polluted urban river.Its removal rates of TN,NH3-N,TP and COD were 93.1%,98.1%,42.3%and 80.8%respectively.Moreover,Colocasia tonoimo could decrease the concentration of TN and NH3-N in the water during a relatively short time.Canna glauca,Schoenoplectus tabernaemontan and Phragmites australis were also revealed to be preferred aquatic macrophytes with high purification ability for polluted urban river treatment.The three submerged plants Elodea nuttallii,Vallisneria natans and Potamogeton pectinatus,exhibited substantially slow reproduction rates,and low removal rates of TN and COD.Nevertheless,they showed high purification ability to TP,with removal rates of 48.6%,43.1%and 42.9%respectively.They could also decrease the concentration of TP in the water during a relatively short time.
作者
李斌
李慧
吴基昌
杨东
谭文禄
张安弘
刘泽峰
徐浩
易升泽
LI Bin;LI Hui;WU Jichang;YANG Dong;TAN Wenlu;ZHANG Anhong;LIU Zefeng;XU Hao;YI Shengze(Powerchina Eco-environmental Group Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen 518100,China;Wuhan Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430074,China;Dongguan Environmental Monitoring Centre Station,Dongguan 523009,China;School of Environment and Energy,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,China)
出处
《环境科学与技术》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第S01期151-158,共8页
Environmental Science & Technology
基金
广东省科技计划项目(2019B110205005)
关键词
茅洲河
本土物种
去除率
综合评价
Maozhou River
local species
removal rate
synthetic evaluation
