摘要
水稻纹枯病以其常发性和对水稻产量造成的巨大损失而越来越受到重视,长江以南许多省份已将其列为水稻生产上的第一大病害。本文就水稻纹枯病抗病种质的资源发掘与利用、抗性遗传方式以及水稻纹枯病抗病育种进行了综述,认为目前水稻抗纹枯病研究中主要存在以下问题:缺乏高水平(免疫)抗源;没有一套比较客观、准确和简便的抗性鉴定标准;有些高抗材料表现为部分抗性;分子遗传研究和抗病育种脱节;以及高抗亲本配制的杂交组合在生产上抗性不高等。结合本课题组所进行的工作,认为当前水稻纹枯病抗病遗传育种研究应着重于以下方面:继续筛选、创制抗源;抗性鉴定中宜将Rush的0￣9级标准和相对病斑长、Groth指标以及叶片蜡质含量结合使用;遗传研究群体和育种群体宜尽量为同一群体;聚合杂交育种和分子标记辅助选择结合应用,培育多基因抗病品种。同时展望了今后水稻纹枯病的研究前景。
Rice sheath blight is paid close attention to gradually for its frequent occurrences and heavy losses which it brought to rice, and it had been stand first on the list office plant diseases in the south of the Yangtze River. This article summarized the research progress in three fields： exploration and utilization of germplasm of resistance to rice sheath blight, heredity and breeding of resistance to rice sheath blight. It discussed the current problems and difficulties of resistance to rice sheath blight＇s researches： no high level resistance germplasm, no objective, convenient and accurate standards to evaluate rice sheath blight, some high level resistance materials were partly resistant to rice sheath blight, molecular resistance heredity and resistance breeding were separated and hybrid rice whose parents holded high level resistance were low resistant to rice sheath blight in the rice production. Meanwhile, it made some strategies and ways for the current researches of resistance to rice sheath blight with our research team＇s work： continuing to screen and create resistance gremplasm, Rush＇s 0-9 evaluation standard should combine with relative lesion length, Groth index, and the content of epicuticular wax in resistance evaluation, the population of heredity research should be the breeding one if possible, convergent cross breeding should combined with MAS to cultivate multigene-resistance varieties. At last, this article also discussed the research foreground of resistance to rice sheath blight.
出处
《分子植物育种》
CAS
CSCD
2006年第5期713-720,共8页
Molecular Plant Breeding
基金
国家863项目(2003AA212030,2004AA207110)
教育部长江学者和创新团队发展计划项目0RT0453)资助.
关键词
水稻纹枯病
种质资源
抗性遗传
抗病育种
Rice sheath blight, Resistance germplasm, Resistance heredity, Resistance breeding
