摘要
研究了光周期、光脉冲和温度对黑纹粉蝶ＰｉｅｒｉｓｍｅｌｅｔｅＭｎｔｒｉｓ夏季滞育和冬季滞育发生、维持与终止的影响。实验结果表明：（１）黑纹粉蝶的光周期反应属于中间型，即只有在日照时数１２ｈ～１３ｈ１５ｍｉｎ范围内，才有部分越夏蛹或越冬蛹不滞育而正常发育；在日平均气温为２０．５℃的秋季，其自然种群的临界光周期为１２ｈ３０ｍｉｎ；３龄末和４龄初的幼虫为感应光周期最敏感的时期（临界光明虫龄）；（２）断光后第１０～１２ｈ，即凌晨０２：００～０４：００的光脉冲对滞育的抑制效果最好，而断光后第６～８ｈ，即夜间２２：００～２４：００的光脉冲对滞育的抑制效果最差；（３）该虫滞育发育的最适温度较低，高温对冬季滞育和夏季滞育均有一定的抑制作用，而低温则可促进越夏蛹和越冬蛹滞育的发育，加速滞育的终止。在较高温度下滞育发育的时间比在较低温度下滞育发育的时间更长。
The effects of photoperiod, light pulse and temperature on summer diapause and winter di-apause were studied in the cabbageworm, Pieris melete in Nanchang(28°46'N, 115°50'E),Jiangxi Province.The results showed:(1)the butterfly basically beionged to a intermediatedaylength species, only within a narrow range of daylength(12 h～13 h 15 min)a part of pu-pae would develop without diapause. Summer diapause and winter diapause were induced byrelatively long and short days respectively.The critical daylength of the wild population was 12h30 min at an average temperature of 20.5℃under natural conditions.The late 3rd and early4th instar larvae were the principal sensitive phase to photoperiodic response;(2) a light pulseaverted diapause most effectively when it was placed 10～12 h aiter lights-off,i.e. 20’colock to 40’ clock in the early morning,whereas a light pulse was less effective when it was set on 6～8 h after lights-off,i.e. 22 o’clock to 24 o’clock at night;(3)the optimum diapause devel-opment temperature of the butterfly was relatively low, high temperatures tended to inhibit the development of both aestival diapause and hibernal diapause,and low temperatures enhanced diapause development and hastened diapause termination.Diapause could be terminated both at high and low temperature conditions.However it took a longer period to finish diapause devel-opment at high temperature conditions,a shorter period at low temperature conditions.
出处
《江西农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
1996年第3期341-349,共9页
Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis
关键词
黑纹粉蝶
光周期
温度
夏季滞育
冬季滞育
Pieris melete
photoperiod
light pulse
temperature
summer diapause
winter diapause
