摘要
本文考察现代汉语的连词或连词化了的词联系项的多种联系功能。文章认为,1)连词存在着一个虚化度等级,它们对应的语法关系范畴与语义功能范畴平行性相似,其自身语言形式的多寡又与这两种范畴呈哑铃式与纺锤式关联;2)连接与转折之间有蕴含关系,连词是否虚化出转折功能,对许多语言现象都有重大影响,例如影响到不同方向的形容词的连接,也影响到某些语义范畴的"实化"。"又"是众多联系项中的一个极为特殊的成员;3)短语层面上的结构化使得许多非连词有了连词化倾向。
The conjunctional relators in Mandarin Chinese can be divided into two groups: the single relator such as ‘yòu’ and the complex relator such as ‘yòu…yòu…’. The non-uniqueness of these relators has been discussed synchronically in this paper. Firstly, as co-coordinator, the relators ‘gēn, tòng, jí,yǔ, líantóng, yǐjí’ are only related to the noun category, the relators ‘dàn,ér, què, rán’ ér,kě’, as adversative, are only related to the adjective category, and the relator ‘bìng’ and ‘yòu’ are related to categories both verb and adjective. The relator ‘bìng’ can be viewed as co-coordinator, progressiver and ‘yòu’ the two and adversative. Secondly, the complex relators can be used to connect with two adjectives or two verbs, regardless of whether these verbs and adjectives are harmony semantically or not. Finally, the relators in Mandarin Chinese can connect two words which are in different word-class. In particular, the author argues that if a relator is an adversative, the two words connected by it must belong to the same word-class, and if two words connected are from the same word-class, the relator must be non- adversative.
出处
《世界汉语教学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2005年第4期61-69,共9页
Chinese Teaching in the World
关键词
连词
联系项
“又”
虚化度等级
conjunctionrelator‘yòu’ grammatical hierarchy
