摘要
我国是世界上第一个研究成功并将杂交水稻技术应用于生产的国家。自1976年开始到1987年,其种植面积增长百倍以上,达到1100万公顷。到1990年达到近1600万公顷的高峰。由于后来的农业产业结构和粮食政策的调整,从1991年至今,经过了一个徘徊阶段,总面积有所减少,但在全部水稻面积中的比例没有减少,一直保持在65%左右。从1988到2003年,全国每年种植面积在6.7万公顷以上的组合由41个增加到了243个;每年种植面积在670万公顷以上的组合逐年减少,排序也有变化。由于新组合越来越多,竞争激烈,今后可能不再有这种“一统天下”的组合。大量配合力好、米质优、抗性强的不育系、恢复系的问世,加上其它技术和政策的支持,我国杂交水稻可望持续发展,为我国的粮食安全做出更大贡献。
China is the first country successfully developed and used hybrid rice technology in the world. Duration from 1976 to 1987 is the rapid development stage with growing area increased more than 100 times and reached 11 million ha. Up to 1990, it reached the highest peak of about 16 million ha. Due to the structural adjustment of agricultural production and food policies in China, it passed a staggering growth stage from 1991 to resent years with decreasing of total area but kept the ratio of about 65% of hybrid rice area to the total rice growing area.From 1988 to 2003, the number of hybrids with growing area more than 67000 ha, rapidly increased from 41 to 243, but the number of which growing area more than 6.7 million ha is gradually decreasing and the rank is changing. Due to the strong competition from more and more newly developed rice hybrids, the so—called “universal hybrid” will be no longer appeared in the future. Because of the release of numbers of new MS and restorer lines with good GCA, fine grain quality and strong resistance to diseases and pests and the improved technologies and policy support from the government, hybrid rice will continue its sustainable development and make great contribution to the food security of the country.
出处
《广西农业科学》
CSCD
2005年第4期287-291,共5页
Guangxi Agricultural Sciences
关键词
杂交水稻
快速发展
可持续发展
粮食安全
hybrid rice
rapid development
sustainable development
food security
