摘要
通过利用遥感、地理信息系统等技术方法,获取了新疆地区20世纪80年代末到90年代末的土地利用变化时空数据,并对其变化过程进行了分析,揭示了近10年来新疆土地利用变化的时空特征。结果显示:新疆地区近10年来耕地总面积增加明显;草地总面积减少明显;城乡工矿居民用地扩张显著;林地、水域面积有所增加;未利用土地各种类型面积有增有减,其中沙地面积平均每年扩大84.5km2,其扩展速率比20世纪50至70年代下降了一半,新疆局部荒漠地区生态环境有所改善。新疆地区耕地面积的普遍开垦扩大与撂荒弃耕现象并存,使得新疆绝大部分地区成为20世纪90年代中国土地利用变化区划中“西北农田开垦与撂荒交错区[1]”的重要部分,农田的开垦与撂荒成为新疆地区土地利用变化的显著时空特征。政策、经济及气候变化是导致新疆地区土地利用动态变化的主要原因。
In this paper, the data of the temporal and spatial dynamic change of land use of Xinjiang during theperiod from the late 1980s to the late 1990s are derived by using the methods of remote sensing (RS) andgeographical information system (GIS),the change process of land use is analyzed,and the features of temporaland spatial dynamic changes of land use are revealed. The results are as follows: in Xinjiang in recent 10 years,the total area of farmlands was obviously enlarged;the total area of steppes was significantly reduced;the urbanareas,mining areas and rural residential areas were enlarged;the areas of woodland and water were enlarged tosome extent; the areas of some types of unused land were enlarged but others were reduced, in which the area ofdesertified lands was annually enlarged by 84.5 km2,its enlargement was reduced by 50% than that during theperiod from the 1950s to the 1970s,and the ecological environment in some places in Xinjiang has been currentlyimproved. Both the enlargements of the reclaimed lands and of the wasted lands existed in Xinjiang,thus,most ofXinjiang became as an important part of the “ecotone between the reclaimed lands and the wasted lands innorthwest China” in the Regionalization of Land Use Change in China,the reclaimed lands and the wasted landswere the significant features of the temporal and spatial dynamic changes of land use of Xinjiang. The dynamicchanges of land use of Xinjiang were mainly caused by the policies,economic development and climate change.
出处
《干旱区地理》
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第1期52-58,共7页
Arid Land Geography
基金
中国科学院知识创新工程项目(KZCX1-Y-02)
国际科技合作重点项目(2001DFDF0004)
