摘要
目的评价安徽省规划达标地区血吸虫病疫情状况,为制定防治策略和措施提供科学依据。方法收集2008～2010年规划达标地区人畜筛查化疗、钉螺控制、传染源控制等防治工作资料和疫情监测点资料,评价防治效果,分析疫情变化趋势。结果通过防治策略的实施,至2010年,规控县人群感染率降至0.58%,较2008年下降了13.4%;耕牛感染率降至0.67%,较2008年下降了11.8%;钉螺面积上升至30156.34hm^2,较2008年上升了5.3%;活螺密度上升至0.81只/0.11m^2,较2008年上升了15.7%;感染螺密度0.00066只/0.11m^2,与2008年基本持平;急感发生例数分别为19、25和16例。规阻县人群感染率降至0.20%,较2008年下降了13.0%;耕牛感染率降至0.05%,较2008年下降了37.5%;钉螺面积上升至410.08hm^2,较2008年上升了2.1%;活螺密度上升至0.92只/0.11m^2,较2008年上升了95.7%;无急感和感染螺存在。结论 3年来,两类达标地区人畜感染率均进一步下降,钉螺面积和活螺密度均出现回升趋势:规控县感染螺密度和急感疫情未得到有效控制。
Objective To analyze the influence factors to achieve transmission control or interruption up to 2015 in Anhui Province.Methods The data about the infection situation of population and cattle,snail distribution,and implementation of control measures from 2008 to 2010 both in the counties programmed to reach the criteria of transmission control and interruption were collected with the retrospective method.The correlations among infection situation of population and catde,snail distribution,and the correlations between endemic situation and implementation of control measures were analyzed.Results In the counties programmed to reach the criteria of transmission control,there was positive correlation between the number of acute schistosomiasis and the number of sick cattle as well as its infection rate(r_s= 1.000 all,P<0.001 all);there were spearman rank correlation between the density of infective snails and the density of living snails(r_s= 1.000, P<0.01);there was negative correlation between the number of acute schistosomiasis and mollusciciding ratio in snail areas as well as the coverage of chemotherapy on population with a regression equation of y=262.391- 15.762x_1-0.175x_2,P<0.001.In the counties programmed to reach the criteria of transmission interruption,there were positive correlations between the number of patients and the number of sick cattle as well as its infection rate,and the same between the infection rate of population and the number of sick cattle as well as its infection rate(r_s=1.000 all,P<0.001 all);there was positive correlation between the number of patients and the number of catde with a regression equation of y_1=0.705x_1-878.172,P<0.05;there was negative correlation between the infection rate of population and the coverage of chemotherapy on livestock with a regression equation of y_2= 0.288 -0.004x_2,P<0.05.Conclusion Livestock was the main factor which influenced schistomiasis transmission. The main control measures should be laid on chemotherapy on population,elimination of cattle and mollusciciding.
出处
《热带病与寄生虫学》
2012年第1期1-4,21,共5页
Journal of Tropical Diseases and Parasitology
关键词
血吸虫病防治
效果评估
疫情分析
安徽省达标地区
Schistosomiasis control
Effect evaluation
endemic situation analysis
Counties programmed to reach the criteria of transmission control or interruption in Anhui Province
