摘要
Background Autism spectrum disorder (ASD),a pervasive developmental neurological disorder,is characterized by impairments in social interaction and communication,and stereotyped,repetitive patterns of interests or behaviors.The mechanism of ASDs is complex,and genetic components and epigenetic modifications play important roles.In this review,we summarized the recent progresses of ASDs focusing on the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms.We also briefly discussed current animal models of ASD and the application of high-throughput sequencing technologies in studying ASD.Data sources Original research articles and literature reviews published in PubMed-indexed journals.Results Individuals with ASDs exhibit a set of phenotypes including neurological alteration.Genetic components including gene mutation,copy-number variations,and epigenetic modifications play important and diverse roles in ASDs.The establishment of animal models and development of new-generation sequencing technologies have contributed to reveal the complicated mechanisms underlying autistic phenotypes.Conclusions Dramatic progress has been made for understanding the roles of genetic and epigenetic components in ASD.Future basic and translational studies should be carried out towards those candidate therapeutic targets.
基金
the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFC0900400)
the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31771395,31571518)
the International Collaboration Program of Science Technology Department of Zhejiang Province(2016C34004).
