摘要
目的了解福建省传染病暴发事件的防控薄弱点,为提升防控能力提供依据。方法综合利用福建省传染病暴发事件监测信息和相应传染病的最长潜伏期,分层分析和综合评价。结果福建省2011—2020年共监测报告传染病暴发事件1454起;从散发至暴发的时间<1、1~1.9、2~2.9、≥3个最长潜伏期的事件占比分别为52.4%、29.6%、12.2%、5.8%,其中≥3的事件中,流感/流感样病例占78.2%;38.7%事件初报时的罹患强度超过《国家突发公共卫生事件相关信息报告管理工作规范(试行)》水平;从干预至暴发结束的时间<1、1~1.9、2~2.9、≥3个最长潜伏期的事件占比分别为72.5%、12.1%、7.3%、8.1%,其中≥3的事件中,流感/流感样病例占59.1%;干预后仍有61.9%事件出现新发病例,其中登革热结案时比初报时罹患例数增加1179.9%,增幅最大;综合评价得不明原因肺炎、人感染H7N9禽流感和新冠肺炎等暴发防控较好,流感/流感样病例暴发防控较差。结论提升流感/流感样病例暴发处置水平,重点是加强干预措施落实;登革热暴发处置关键在于提高疑似病例的监测敏感性;流腮、风疹和水痘等暴发处置,则需全面提升从早期病例监测到措施落实水平。
Objective To investigate the weak spots of prevention and control against infectious disease events in Fujian province,and therefore to provide evidences for future upgrade of emergencies response.Methods Stratified analysis and comprehensive evaluation were conducted to analyze Fujian province’s surveillance data on infectious disease outbreak and their corresponding longest incubation period.Results During 2011-2020,a total of 1454 infectious disease events were reported in Fujian province.From sporadic infection till outbreak,52.4%,29.6%,12.2%and 5.8%of total events needed<1,1-1.9,2-2.9,and≥3 longest incubation periods to be monitored,respectively.Among those events in need of≥3 longest incubation periods,influenza/influenza related events accounted for 78.2%.Initially reported incidence rates in 38.7%of total events exceeded to the standard level set by National Code for the Management of Information Reporting Related to Public Health Emergencies(Trial).From start of intervention till end of outbreak,72.5%,12.1%,7.3%and 8.1%of total events needed<1,1-1.9,2-2.9,and≥3 longest incubation periods to be monitored,respectively.Among those events in need of≥3 longest incubation periods,influenza/influenza related events accounted for 59.1%.New cases still occurred after intervention in 61.9%of total events,among which dengue had the largest increasing range,i.e.,the number of cases were increased by 1179.9%from initial report to end of outbreak.Comprehensive evaluation showed that outbreak of pneumonia of unknown cause,avian-human influenza H7 N9,and COVID-19 were controlled relatively well,while influenza/influenza related events were not well controlled.Conclusion The key of influenza/influenza related events management is to enhance the implementation of intervention measures.The key of dengue controlling is to increase surveillance sensitivity among suspected cases.In turns of mumps,rubella and chickenpox,comprehensive effort are needed from monitoring of early cases to implementation of intervention measures.
作者
蔡少健
黄峥强
齐孝旗
欧剑鸣
詹美蓉
Cai Shaojian;Huang Zhengqiang;QI Xiaoqi;Ou Jianming;Zhan Meirong(Fujian Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Fuzhou Fujian 350012,China)
出处
《海峡预防医学杂志》
CAS
2022年第4期9-13,共5页
Strait Journal of Preventive Medicine
基金
福建省创新战略研究项目(2021R0169)
关键词
传染病
潜伏期
暴发疫情
防控效果
疫情分析
福建省
Infectious Disease
Incubation Period
Outbreak
Effectiveness of Prevention and Control
Epidemic Analysis
Fujian Province
