摘要
基于对西宁市开发区企业的实地调研,通过深度访谈和问卷调查数据,分析了研究区企业投资来源的空间特征及企业区位选择的影响因素.结果表明,投资者来源呈非地方化特征,即资本来源以青海省外为主,国际投资者很少.本省投资者来自西宁市和海东市,外省投资者多来自江浙等东部沿海发达地区.多投资于制造业、批发和零售业,其中医药制造业最高,体现出资源导向特征.外来投资者多投资上游产业及全产业链两种类型,升级或优化了地方的产业结构,促进了地区经济发展.本地投资者主要集中于产业的中下游,表明本地投资者侧重于利用青海当地的资源,对产业升级的影响较弱.影响因素本质上与国内其他城市开发区一致,但与国内外发达城市开发区注重以优质的人力资源、信息资源、科研优势和先进科研设施吸引企业投资存在较大差异.其中,政府配套服务与优惠政策、企业发展战略是最强的两个企业区位选择的影响因素,其次为社会经济区位条件、资源与成本,个人情感、企业经营战略因子的影响弱.民营企业对政府配套服务与优惠政策的感应非常强烈,土地价格、税收是首要条件;国有企业更注重企业发展战略、区位条件、资源与成本因素.独立企业和集团母公司选址的影响因素偏向于政府政策,而集团子公司则偏重考虑企业内在需求、投资地区位条件和资源成本.
Based on a field research on the enterprises of the development zone of Xining City,and through in-depth interviews and questionnaire survey data,the spatial characteristics of the investment sources of enterprises in the study area and the influencing factors of enterprise location selection were analyzed.The study found that the sources of investors were non-localized,i.e.,the sources of capital were mainly from outside of Qinghai Province,and there were few international investors.The investors from within the province itself mostly came from Xining and Haidong,and investors from outside mostly came from developed areas in the eastern coastal areas of Jiangsu and Zhejiang.There had been more investment in manufacturing,wholesale and retail,with the highest in the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry,reflecting resource-oriented characteristics.Foreign investors invested more in the upstream industry and the whole industry chain,thus upgrading or optimizing the local industrial structure and promoting the regional economic development.Local investors were mainly concentrated in the middle and lower segments of the industry,indicating that local investment focused on using local resources in Qinghai and had a weaker impact on industrial upgrading.Influential factors were consistent in nature with other urban development zones in other parts of China,but there were significant differences between domestic and foreign developed urban development zones focused on attracting corporate investment with high-quality human resources,information resources,scientific research advantages and advanced scientific research facilities.Of them,the government supporting services and preferential policies,the enterprise development strategy were the strongest factors influencing the location choice of the two enterprises,followed by the social economic location conditions,resources and costs,personal influence and the strategic impact of the business strategy.Private enterprises were very sensitive to government supporting services and preferential policies.Land prices and taxation were the primary conditions;state-owned enterprises paid more attention to corporate development strategies,location conditions,resources and cost factors.The factors affecting the location of independent companies and group parent companies were biased towards government policies,while the group subsidiaries focused on the internal needs of enterprises,investment location conditions and resource costs.
作者
唐艳
杨永春
程仕瀚
Tang Yan;Yang Yong-chun;Cheng Shi-han(College of Earth and Environmental Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems with the Ministry of Education,Urban Planning and Design Institute,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China)
出处
《兰州大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第5期615-622,628,共9页
Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Sciences)
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41571155)
兰州大学“一带一路”专项项目(2018ldbryb025)
关键词
外来投资者
产业链
企业选址
地方优惠政策
西宁市开发区
foreign investor
industrial chain
enterprise site selection
local preferential policy
the development zone of Xining City
