AIM: To assess the efficacy and safety of a patientpositioning device(EZ-FIX) for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP).METHODS: A total of 105 patients were randomized to the EZ-FIX(n = 53) or non-EZ-F...AIM: To assess the efficacy and safety of a patientpositioning device(EZ-FIX) for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP).METHODS: A total of 105 patients were randomized to the EZ-FIX(n = 53) or non-EZ-FIX(n = 52) group in this prospective study. Midazolam and propofol,titrated to provide an adequate level of sedation during therapeutic ERCP, were administered by trained registered nurses under endoscopist supervision.Primary outcome measures were the total dose of propofol and sedative-related complications, including hypoxia and hypotension. Secondary outcome measures were recovery time and sedation satisfaction of the endoscopist, nurses, and patients.RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the rate of hypoxia, but there was a statistical trend(EX-FIX group; n = 4, 7.55%, control group; n = 6, 11.53%,P = 0.06). The mean total dose of propofol was lower in the EZ-FIX group than in the non-EZ-FIX group(89.43 ± 49.8 mg vs 112.4 ± 53.8 mg, P = 0.025).In addition, the EZ-FIX group had a shorter mean recovery time(11.23 ± 4.61 mg vs 14.96 ± 5.12 mg, P< 0.001). Sedation satisfaction of the endoscopist and nurses was higher in the EX.FIX group than in the nonEZ-FIX group. Technical success rates of the procedure were 96.23% and 96.15%, respectively(P = 0.856).Procedure-related complications did not differ by group(11.32% vs 13.46%, respectively, P = 0.735).CONCLUSION: Using EZ-FIX reduced the total dose of propofol and the recovery time, and increased the satisfaction of the endoscopist and nurses.展开更多
Dental biofilm is the initiating factor of oral diseases,such as periodontitis and caries.Orthodontic treatment could alter the microbiome structure balance,and increase the risk of such diseases.Furthermore,fixed app...Dental biofilm is the initiating factor of oral diseases,such as periodontitis and caries.Orthodontic treatment could alter the microbiome structure balance,and increase the risk of such diseases.Furthermore,fixed appliances can induce temporary changes in the microbiome community,and the changes that clear aligners bring are smaller by comparison.Temporary anchorage devices(TADs)are skeletal anchorages that are widely used in orthodontic treatment.Microorganisms affect the occurrence and development of inflammation surrounding TADs.At present,existing researches have verified the existence of plaque biofilm on the surface of TADs,but the formation of plaque biofilm and plaque composition under different stable conditions have not been fully understood.The development of high-throughput sequencing,molecular biology experiments,and metabonomics have provided new research ideas to solve this problem.They can become an effective means to explore the microbiome surrounding TADs.展开更多
One way to adapt to the trend towards low-energy and to improve the hydraulic performance of the impact sprinkler under a low pressure condition is by means of a fixed water dispersion device.A fixed dispersion device...One way to adapt to the trend towards low-energy and to improve the hydraulic performance of the impact sprinkler under a low pressure condition is by means of a fixed water dispersion device.A fixed dispersion device disperses jet flow from the nozzle continuously.The shape of the tip,impact angle(θ),diameter(D),and depth in the jet flow(d)have significant influence on the hydraulic performance.In this study,the hydraulic performance characteristics of impact sprinkler as affected by the fixed water dispersion device were studied under indoor conditions.Radial water distributions from the sprinkler were obtained by experiments for the fixed water dispersion devices.MATLAB was used to transform the radial data into net data,and the uniformities were simulated in a square layout from 1 to 2 times the range(R).The droplet size distributions from the fixed water dispersion devices were measured by a laser precipitation monitor(LPM).Results showed that the range increased with the increase of pressure,and the sprinkler with type C_(2) produced a rectangular-shaped water distribution pattern,while the range was maintained.A maximum uniformity of 71.56%,75.56%,77.23%,73.32%,78.88%and 86.67%was found for types A1,B1,C1,A2,B2,and C_(2),respectively under a pressure of 200 kPa.The uniformity from the sprinkler using type C_(2) surpassed 80%,while type C1 fell below.Droplet sizes from type C_(2) was best,and the mean droplet diameter decreased with the increase of pressure.Hence,type C_(2) can be selected for further optimization of the design features to improve the hydraulic performance of the impact sprinkler under low pressure conditions.展开更多
基金Supported by Korea Healthcare Technology R and D Project,Ministry of Health and Welfare,South Korea(A100054)
文摘AIM: To assess the efficacy and safety of a patientpositioning device(EZ-FIX) for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP).METHODS: A total of 105 patients were randomized to the EZ-FIX(n = 53) or non-EZ-FIX(n = 52) group in this prospective study. Midazolam and propofol,titrated to provide an adequate level of sedation during therapeutic ERCP, were administered by trained registered nurses under endoscopist supervision.Primary outcome measures were the total dose of propofol and sedative-related complications, including hypoxia and hypotension. Secondary outcome measures were recovery time and sedation satisfaction of the endoscopist, nurses, and patients.RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the rate of hypoxia, but there was a statistical trend(EX-FIX group; n = 4, 7.55%, control group; n = 6, 11.53%,P = 0.06). The mean total dose of propofol was lower in the EZ-FIX group than in the non-EZ-FIX group(89.43 ± 49.8 mg vs 112.4 ± 53.8 mg, P = 0.025).In addition, the EZ-FIX group had a shorter mean recovery time(11.23 ± 4.61 mg vs 14.96 ± 5.12 mg, P< 0.001). Sedation satisfaction of the endoscopist and nurses was higher in the EX.FIX group than in the nonEZ-FIX group. Technical success rates of the procedure were 96.23% and 96.15%, respectively(P = 0.856).Procedure-related complications did not differ by group(11.32% vs 13.46%, respectively, P = 0.735).CONCLUSION: Using EZ-FIX reduced the total dose of propofol and the recovery time, and increased the satisfaction of the endoscopist and nurses.
基金supported by the Beijing Municipal Science&Technology Commission(No.Z171100001017128)National Program for Multidisciplinary Cooperative Treatment on Major Diseases(No.PKUSSNMP-202013)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81671015)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2020M680263).
文摘Dental biofilm is the initiating factor of oral diseases,such as periodontitis and caries.Orthodontic treatment could alter the microbiome structure balance,and increase the risk of such diseases.Furthermore,fixed appliances can induce temporary changes in the microbiome community,and the changes that clear aligners bring are smaller by comparison.Temporary anchorage devices(TADs)are skeletal anchorages that are widely used in orthodontic treatment.Microorganisms affect the occurrence and development of inflammation surrounding TADs.At present,existing researches have verified the existence of plaque biofilm on the surface of TADs,but the formation of plaque biofilm and plaque composition under different stable conditions have not been fully understood.The development of high-throughput sequencing,molecular biology experiments,and metabonomics have provided new research ideas to solve this problem.They can become an effective means to explore the microbiome surrounding TADs.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51679109)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20170555)+2 种基金the Natural Foundation of the Higher Education Institutions of Jiangsu Province(17KJB470001)Special Scientific Research Fund of Agriculture Public Welfare Profession of China(201503130)Jiangsu Scientific Research and Innovation Program for Graduates in the Universities(KYLX15_1062).
文摘One way to adapt to the trend towards low-energy and to improve the hydraulic performance of the impact sprinkler under a low pressure condition is by means of a fixed water dispersion device.A fixed dispersion device disperses jet flow from the nozzle continuously.The shape of the tip,impact angle(θ),diameter(D),and depth in the jet flow(d)have significant influence on the hydraulic performance.In this study,the hydraulic performance characteristics of impact sprinkler as affected by the fixed water dispersion device were studied under indoor conditions.Radial water distributions from the sprinkler were obtained by experiments for the fixed water dispersion devices.MATLAB was used to transform the radial data into net data,and the uniformities were simulated in a square layout from 1 to 2 times the range(R).The droplet size distributions from the fixed water dispersion devices were measured by a laser precipitation monitor(LPM).Results showed that the range increased with the increase of pressure,and the sprinkler with type C_(2) produced a rectangular-shaped water distribution pattern,while the range was maintained.A maximum uniformity of 71.56%,75.56%,77.23%,73.32%,78.88%and 86.67%was found for types A1,B1,C1,A2,B2,and C_(2),respectively under a pressure of 200 kPa.The uniformity from the sprinkler using type C_(2) surpassed 80%,while type C1 fell below.Droplet sizes from type C_(2) was best,and the mean droplet diameter decreased with the increase of pressure.Hence,type C_(2) can be selected for further optimization of the design features to improve the hydraulic performance of the impact sprinkler under low pressure conditions.
