Based on an avalanche photodiode（ APD） detecting array working in Geiger mode（ GM-APD）, a high-performance infrared sensor readout integrated circuit（ ROIC） used for infrared 3D（ three-dimensional） imaging is ...Based on an avalanche photodiode（ APD） detecting array working in Geiger mode（ GM-APD）, a high-performance infrared sensor readout integrated circuit（ ROIC） used for infrared 3D（ three-dimensional） imaging is proposed. The system mainly consists of three functional modules, including active quenching circuit（ AQC）, time-to-digital converter（ TDC） circuit and other timing controller circuit. Each AQC and TDC circuit together constitutes the pixel circuit. Under the cooperation with other modules, the current signal generated by the GM-APD sensor is detected by the AQC, and the photon time-of-flight（ TOF） is measured and converted to a digital signal output to achieve a better noise suppression and a higher detection sensitivity by the TDC. The ROIC circuit is fabricated by the CSMC 0. 5 μm standard CMOS technology. The array size is 8 × 8, and the center distance of two adjacent cells is 100μm. The measurement results of the chip showthat the performance of the circuit is good, and the chip can achieve 1 ns time resolution with a 250 MHz reference clock, and the circuit can be used in the array structure of the infrared detection system or focal plane array（ FPA）.展开更多
This paper presents a multi-mode control scheme for a soft-switched flyback converter to achieve high efficiency and excellent load regulation over the entire load range. At heavy load, critical conduction mode with v...This paper presents a multi-mode control scheme for a soft-switched flyback converter to achieve high efficiency and excellent load regulation over the entire load range. At heavy load, critical conduction mode with valley switching (CCMVS) is employed to realize soft switching so as to reduce turn-on loss of power switch as well as conducted electromagnetic interference (EMI). At light load, the converter operates in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) with valley switching and adaptive off-time control (AOT) to limit the switching frequency range and maintain load regulation. At extremely light load or in standby mode, burst mode operation is adopted to provide low power consumption through reducing both switching frequency and static power dissipation of the controller. The multi-mode control is implemented by an oscillator whose pulse duration is adjusted by output feedback. An accurate valley switching control circuit guarantees the minimum turn-on voltage drop of power switch. The pro-totype of the controller IC was fabricated in a 1.5-μm BiCMOS process and applied to a 310 V/20 V, 90 W flyback DC/DC converter circuitry. Experimental results showed that all expected functions were realized successfully. The flyback converter achieved a high efficiency of over 80% from full load down to 2.5 W, with the maximum reaching 88.8%, while the total power consumption in standby mode was about 300 mW.展开更多
线性雪崩光电二极管(Avalanche photodiode,APD)焦平面红外探测器有着广泛应用场景,APD探测器耦合具有多种模式的读出电路可在有限像元面积内实现多模式探测,提升探测系统集成度。本文设计了一种具有红外热成像模式、门控3D成像模式、...线性雪崩光电二极管(Avalanche photodiode,APD)焦平面红外探测器有着广泛应用场景,APD探测器耦合具有多种模式的读出电路可在有限像元面积内实现多模式探测,提升探测系统集成度。本文设计了一种具有红外热成像模式、门控3D成像模式、激光测距模式和异步激光脉冲探测模式的APD读出电路,四种模式复用输入级电路。通过Krummenacher结构抑制背景辐射影响,扩展了光子飞行时间探测范围;提出一种改进型时刻鉴别电路,通过减小时刻鉴别误差提升距离测量精度。读出电路采用0.18μm 3.3 V CMOS工艺设计,阵列规模128×128、像元中心距30μm,最大电荷容量3.74 Me^(-)。仿真结果表明,激光测距模式,在积分电容13 f F、背景电流1~150 nA条件下,背景电流响应幅值≤1.35 m V,远小于激光响应电流500 nA时280 m V的响应幅值;异步激光脉冲探测模式的幅值灵敏度约110 nA、脉宽灵敏度约4 ns;改进型时刻鉴别电路对于150~500 nA的激光脉冲响应,时刻鉴别误差约4 ns。本文设计的多模式复用APD读出电路具有一定工程应用价值。展开更多
A readout electronics has been developed for the silicon strip array detector system of HIRFL-CSR-ETF.It consists of 48 front end electronics(FEE)boards,12 PXI-DAQ boards and one trigger board.It can implement energy ...A readout electronics has been developed for the silicon strip array detector system of HIRFL-CSR-ETF.It consists of 48 front end electronics(FEE)boards,12 PXI-DAQ boards and one trigger board.It can implement energy and time measurements of 4608 channels.Each FEE board is based on 6 ASICs(ATHED),which implements energy and time measurements of 96 channels.The PXI-DAQ board meets requirements of high-speed counting and amount of readout channels and can process signals of 4 FEEs.The trigger board is developed to select the valid events.The energy linearity of the readout electronics is better than 0.3%in the dynamic range of 0.1-0.7V.In the test with a standard triple alpha source,the energy resolution was 1.8%at 5.48 MeV.This readout electronics enables the silicon strip array system to identify particles of A<14.展开更多
基金The Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK2012559)Qing Lan Project of Jiangsu Province
文摘Based on an avalanche photodiode（ APD） detecting array working in Geiger mode（ GM-APD）, a high-performance infrared sensor readout integrated circuit（ ROIC） used for infrared 3D（ three-dimensional） imaging is proposed. The system mainly consists of three functional modules, including active quenching circuit（ AQC）, time-to-digital converter（ TDC） circuit and other timing controller circuit. Each AQC and TDC circuit together constitutes the pixel circuit. Under the cooperation with other modules, the current signal generated by the GM-APD sensor is detected by the AQC, and the photon time-of-flight（ TOF） is measured and converted to a digital signal output to achieve a better noise suppression and a higher detection sensitivity by the TDC. The ROIC circuit is fabricated by the CSMC 0. 5 μm standard CMOS technology. The array size is 8 × 8, and the center distance of two adjacent cells is 100μm. The measurement results of the chip showthat the performance of the circuit is good, and the chip can achieve 1 ns time resolution with a 250 MHz reference clock, and the circuit can be used in the array structure of the infrared detection system or focal plane array（ FPA）.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 90707002)the Natural Science Foundation of Zheji-ang Province, China (No. Z104441)
文摘This paper presents a multi-mode control scheme for a soft-switched flyback converter to achieve high efficiency and excellent load regulation over the entire load range. At heavy load, critical conduction mode with valley switching (CCMVS) is employed to realize soft switching so as to reduce turn-on loss of power switch as well as conducted electromagnetic interference (EMI). At light load, the converter operates in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) with valley switching and adaptive off-time control (AOT) to limit the switching frequency range and maintain load regulation. At extremely light load or in standby mode, burst mode operation is adopted to provide low power consumption through reducing both switching frequency and static power dissipation of the controller. The multi-mode control is implemented by an oscillator whose pulse duration is adjusted by output feedback. An accurate valley switching control circuit guarantees the minimum turn-on voltage drop of power switch. The pro-totype of the controller IC was fabricated in a 1.5-μm BiCMOS process and applied to a 310 V/20 V, 90 W flyback DC/DC converter circuitry. Experimental results showed that all expected functions were realized successfully. The flyback converter achieved a high efficiency of over 80% from full load down to 2.5 W, with the maximum reaching 88.8%, while the total power consumption in standby mode was about 300 mW.
文摘线性雪崩光电二极管(Avalanche photodiode,APD)焦平面红外探测器有着广泛应用场景,APD探测器耦合具有多种模式的读出电路可在有限像元面积内实现多模式探测,提升探测系统集成度。本文设计了一种具有红外热成像模式、门控3D成像模式、激光测距模式和异步激光脉冲探测模式的APD读出电路,四种模式复用输入级电路。通过Krummenacher结构抑制背景辐射影响,扩展了光子飞行时间探测范围;提出一种改进型时刻鉴别电路,通过减小时刻鉴别误差提升距离测量精度。读出电路采用0.18μm 3.3 V CMOS工艺设计,阵列规模128×128、像元中心距30μm,最大电荷容量3.74 Me^(-)。仿真结果表明,激光测距模式,在积分电容13 f F、背景电流1~150 nA条件下,背景电流响应幅值≤1.35 m V,远小于激光响应电流500 nA时280 m V的响应幅值;异步激光脉冲探测模式的幅值灵敏度约110 nA、脉宽灵敏度约4 ns;改进型时刻鉴别电路对于150~500 nA的激光脉冲响应,时刻鉴别误差约4 ns。本文设计的多模式复用APD读出电路具有一定工程应用价值。
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11005135 and 11079045)the Important Direction Project of the CAS Knowledge Innovation Program(No.KJCX2-YW-N27)the Foundation of director of Institute Modern Physics,CAS(No.Y207170SZ0)
文摘A readout electronics has been developed for the silicon strip array detector system of HIRFL-CSR-ETF.It consists of 48 front end electronics(FEE)boards,12 PXI-DAQ boards and one trigger board.It can implement energy and time measurements of 4608 channels.Each FEE board is based on 6 ASICs(ATHED),which implements energy and time measurements of 96 channels.The PXI-DAQ board meets requirements of high-speed counting and amount of readout channels and can process signals of 4 FEEs.The trigger board is developed to select the valid events.The energy linearity of the readout electronics is better than 0.3%in the dynamic range of 0.1-0.7V.In the test with a standard triple alpha source,the energy resolution was 1.8%at 5.48 MeV.This readout electronics enables the silicon strip array system to identify particles of A<14.
