为解决高钙污染下水基钻井液的稳定性及滤失性难调控问题,利用2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)、二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(DMDAAC)和丙烯酰胺(AM)单体合成了抗高温抗高钙降滤失剂DF-1。最佳合成条件为:AMPS、DMDAAC、AM质量比4.1∶2.9∶3...为解决高钙污染下水基钻井液的稳定性及滤失性难调控问题,利用2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)、二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(DMDAAC)和丙烯酰胺(AM)单体合成了抗高温抗高钙降滤失剂DF-1。最佳合成条件为:AMPS、DMDAAC、AM质量比4.1∶2.9∶3.0,引发剂过硫酸铵加量0.3%,p H值=7,反应温度40℃,反应时间3h。室内评价结果表明,150℃老化16 h及40000 mg/L Ca2+污染下,添加DF-1基浆体系的表观黏度为9 m Pa·s,滤失量为16 m L,而未老化空白基浆的值分别为7.5 m Pa·s和30 m L,基浆体系的流变性和滤失性基本不受影响。采用红外光谱(IR)、TGA热重分析、滤饼扫描电镜(SEM)以及元素能谱(EDS)分析DF-1的微观作用机理。DF-1分子结构中含—CONH2和阳离子胺基,有助于其通过氢键和静电吸附在黏土表面有效吸附。分子链段热稳定性好,在300℃开始分解。Ca2+污染后,添加DF-1前后滤饼中Ca2+的相对含量分别为15.96%和3.77%;DF-1能有效阻止Ca2+在黏土表面离子交换吸附,从而阻止黏土颗粒聚并,有效形成致密滤饼。展开更多
Background Recently, it has been proposed that the autoantibodies against various cardiovascular receptors play a role in the pathogenesis of primary hypertension. In this study, we aimed to identify whether or not th...Background Recently, it has been proposed that the autoantibodies against various cardiovascular receptors play a role in the pathogenesis of primary hypertension. In this study, we aimed to identify whether or not there are autoantibodies against cardiovascular L-type Ca^2＋ channels in patients with primary hypertension. Methods A peptide corresponding to the sequence 2-16 of the alc-subunit of L-type Ca^2＋ channel was used as an antigen to screen the autoantibodies from 90 patients with primary hypertension and 45 healthy controls by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The clinical data of 90 hypertensive patients were compared between patients with and without these autoantibodies. Results Serum from 3 （6.7%） of the 45 healthy controls, 33 （36.7%） of 90 hypertensives showed positive responses in ELISA （P 〈0.01）. The prevalence of such autoantibodies in two subgroups of hypertensives with coronary heart disease （9/21, 57.14%, P 〈0.05） and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction （28/63, 44.4%, P 〈0.05） was higher than in those without the corresponding complications. And the patients with such autoantibodies had lower E/A than patients without such autoantibodies （0.803±0.191 vs 1.004±0.322, P=0.002）. Conclusion There are autoantibodies against vascular L-tyPe Ca^2＋ channels in patients with primary hvnertension.展开更多
文摘为解决高钙污染下水基钻井液的稳定性及滤失性难调控问题,利用2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)、二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(DMDAAC)和丙烯酰胺(AM)单体合成了抗高温抗高钙降滤失剂DF-1。最佳合成条件为:AMPS、DMDAAC、AM质量比4.1∶2.9∶3.0,引发剂过硫酸铵加量0.3%,p H值=7,反应温度40℃,反应时间3h。室内评价结果表明,150℃老化16 h及40000 mg/L Ca2+污染下,添加DF-1基浆体系的表观黏度为9 m Pa·s,滤失量为16 m L,而未老化空白基浆的值分别为7.5 m Pa·s和30 m L,基浆体系的流变性和滤失性基本不受影响。采用红外光谱(IR)、TGA热重分析、滤饼扫描电镜(SEM)以及元素能谱(EDS)分析DF-1的微观作用机理。DF-1分子结构中含—CONH2和阳离子胺基,有助于其通过氢键和静电吸附在黏土表面有效吸附。分子链段热稳定性好,在300℃开始分解。Ca2+污染后,添加DF-1前后滤饼中Ca2+的相对含量分别为15.96%和3.77%;DF-1能有效阻止Ca2+在黏土表面离子交换吸附,从而阻止黏土颗粒聚并,有效形成致密滤饼。
基金This study was supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. C03030201）.
文摘Background Recently, it has been proposed that the autoantibodies against various cardiovascular receptors play a role in the pathogenesis of primary hypertension. In this study, we aimed to identify whether or not there are autoantibodies against cardiovascular L-type Ca^2＋ channels in patients with primary hypertension. Methods A peptide corresponding to the sequence 2-16 of the alc-subunit of L-type Ca^2＋ channel was used as an antigen to screen the autoantibodies from 90 patients with primary hypertension and 45 healthy controls by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The clinical data of 90 hypertensive patients were compared between patients with and without these autoantibodies. Results Serum from 3 （6.7%） of the 45 healthy controls, 33 （36.7%） of 90 hypertensives showed positive responses in ELISA （P 〈0.01）. The prevalence of such autoantibodies in two subgroups of hypertensives with coronary heart disease （9/21, 57.14%, P 〈0.05） and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction （28/63, 44.4%, P 〈0.05） was higher than in those without the corresponding complications. And the patients with such autoantibodies had lower E/A than patients without such autoantibodies （0.803±0.191 vs 1.004±0.322, P=0.002）. Conclusion There are autoantibodies against vascular L-tyPe Ca^2＋ channels in patients with primary hvnertension.
