A total of 18 ejaculates were collected, once per week, from six fertile stallions for three consecutive weeks in October and November, to compare motility over time between extenders using four semen processing treat...A total of 18 ejaculates were collected, once per week, from six fertile stallions for three consecutive weeks in October and November, to compare motility over time between extenders using four semen processing treatments. Four total aliquots of semen were used. Two aliquots of each semen collection were extended in either INRA96 or an experimental proprietary milk-based extender Walworth （WW） extender, and each was designed for multi-day storage of fresh chilled semen. Each aliquot was divided again, and either centrifuged at 600 μg for 10 min without cushion, or not centrifuged and extended to a final concentration of 25 × 10^6 spermatozoa/mL. The treatments evaluated were INRA96 without centrifugation （INRA-NC） or with centrifugation （INRA-C）, and Walworth extender without centrifugation （WW-NC） or with centrifugation （WW-C）. Total and progressive motility were measured using Sperm Vision~ CASA at 0, 24, 48 and 72 h post-collection. Samples were stored at 4 ℃. No differences were found between extenders in progressive （P = 0.13） or total motility （P = 0.14） over the four different time points without centrifugation. However, ejaculates processed in INRA-C group had the greater total and progressive motility （P 〈 0.05） over the four time points than ejaculates in the WW-C group. It was found that centrifugation and re-suspension of stallion semen in INRA96 improved the longevity of fresh chilled semen. However, when not using centrifugation, the Walworth extender proved to be as effective for maintaining spermatozoa motility across all time points as 1NRA96 , and may be an alternative for use in the equine breeding industry.展开更多
The main aim of this research was to identify fatty acids composition of Caspian Sea of white fish Rutilusfrisii kutum tissue and their changes during 12 months storage （-18 ℃ ）. The results showed, UFA （Unsaturat...The main aim of this research was to identify fatty acids composition of Caspian Sea of white fish Rutilusfrisii kutum tissue and their changes during 12 months storage （-18 ℃ ）. The results showed, UFA （Unsaturated Fatty Acid） and SFA （Saturated Fatty Acid） were 74/09 and 21/63%, respectively in fresh tissue. So that, DHA （C22：6） oleic acid （C 18：1c） had high amounts （15/07, 20/57） UFA and palmitic acid （C16：0） was the most （13/09%） SFA. The effects of freezing on fish tissue showed that UFA and SFA contents have reached to 58/79 and 22/17%, respectively at the end of cold storage. Also ω-3 and ω-6 series of fatty acids was 24/22 and 15/56% in fresh tissue, but their contents decreased to 8/68 and 5/11% at the end of period. Among, the fatty acids C22：6, C 18：1 c and C 16：0 had the most changes. The changes of fatty acids were significantly at 95% level expected for C18：0.展开更多
The freezing and melting process of a small water droplet on a superhydrophobic cold surface was investigated using the Laser Induced Fluorescence(LIF)technique.The superhydrophobic surface was prepared using a sol-ge...The freezing and melting process of a small water droplet on a superhydrophobic cold surface was investigated using the Laser Induced Fluorescence(LIF)technique.The superhydrophobic surface was prepared using a sol-gel method on a red copper test plate.From the obtained fluorescence images,the phase transition characteristics during the freezing and melting process of a water droplet were clearly observed.It was found that,at the beginning of the droplet freezing process,liquid water turned into ice at a very fast rate.Such phase transition process decreased gradually with time and the volume of frozen ice approached a constant value at the end of the icing process.In addition,the freezing time was found to reduce with the decrease of the test plate temperature.Besides,when the test plate temperature is relatively high,the effect of droplet volume on the freezing time is very significant.Over all,we provide some tentative insights into the microphysical process related to the icing and melting process of water droplets.展开更多
A rehydration process for freeze-dried human platelets was studied on 1 ml of samples. The effects of prehydration duration, prehydration temperature, an rehydration solution on the recovery rate, mean platelet volume...A rehydration process for freeze-dried human platelets was studied on 1 ml of samples. The effects of prehydration duration, prehydration temperature, an rehydration solution on the recovery rate, mean platelet volume （MPV）, and platelet distribution width （PDW） were investigated. The mass changes during the prehydration process were also studied. Three prehydration durations： 0, 1.5, and 3.5 h, and two rehydration solutions： platelet-poor plasma and phosphate-buffered saline （PBS）, were tested. It was found that： （1） the prehydration was of significance; （2） 1.5 h of prehydration had better effects than 3.5 h of prehydration; （3） as a rehydration solution, the platelet-poor plasma behaved better than the PBS. The impacts of prehydration duration and temperature on the results were studied. There was almost no difference between 35 and 37 ℃. Among all the prehydration durations tested, 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min, the best result was achieved with the time duration of 15 min. The weights of prehydrated platelets at the end of each test were measured and the water contents were calculated. After 15 min ofprehydration, the water contents in the samples were about （4.8±0.01）% and （5.27±0.29）% （w/w） corresponding to the conditions of 35 and 37 ℃, respectively. These results will be helpful for further studies on the freeze-drying of mammalian cells.展开更多
Long-term preservation and easy transportation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells(hBM-MSCs) will facilitate their application in medical treatment and bioengineering.A pilot study on the freeze-drying...Long-term preservation and easy transportation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells(hBM-MSCs) will facilitate their application in medical treatment and bioengineering.A pilot study on the freeze-drying of hBM-MSCs was carried out.hBM-MSCs were loaded with trehalose.The glass transition temperature of the freeze-drying suspension was measured to provide information for the cooling and primary drying experiment.After freeze-drying,various rehydration processes were tested.The highest recovery rate of hBM-MSCs was(69.33± 13.08) %.Possible methods to improve freeze-drying outcomes are discussed.In conclusion,the present study has laid a foundation for the freeze-drying hBM-MSCs.展开更多
文摘A total of 18 ejaculates were collected, once per week, from six fertile stallions for three consecutive weeks in October and November, to compare motility over time between extenders using four semen processing treatments. Four total aliquots of semen were used. Two aliquots of each semen collection were extended in either INRA96 or an experimental proprietary milk-based extender Walworth （WW） extender, and each was designed for multi-day storage of fresh chilled semen. Each aliquot was divided again, and either centrifuged at 600 μg for 10 min without cushion, or not centrifuged and extended to a final concentration of 25 × 10^6 spermatozoa/mL. The treatments evaluated were INRA96 without centrifugation （INRA-NC） or with centrifugation （INRA-C）, and Walworth extender without centrifugation （WW-NC） or with centrifugation （WW-C）. Total and progressive motility were measured using Sperm Vision~ CASA at 0, 24, 48 and 72 h post-collection. Samples were stored at 4 ℃. No differences were found between extenders in progressive （P = 0.13） or total motility （P = 0.14） over the four different time points without centrifugation. However, ejaculates processed in INRA-C group had the greater total and progressive motility （P 〈 0.05） over the four time points than ejaculates in the WW-C group. It was found that centrifugation and re-suspension of stallion semen in INRA96 improved the longevity of fresh chilled semen. However, when not using centrifugation, the Walworth extender proved to be as effective for maintaining spermatozoa motility across all time points as 1NRA96 , and may be an alternative for use in the equine breeding industry.
文摘The main aim of this research was to identify fatty acids composition of Caspian Sea of white fish Rutilusfrisii kutum tissue and their changes during 12 months storage （-18 ℃ ）. The results showed, UFA （Unsaturated Fatty Acid） and SFA （Saturated Fatty Acid） were 74/09 and 21/63%, respectively in fresh tissue. So that, DHA （C22：6） oleic acid （C 18：1c） had high amounts （15/07, 20/57） UFA and palmitic acid （C16：0） was the most （13/09%） SFA. The effects of freezing on fish tissue showed that UFA and SFA contents have reached to 58/79 and 22/17%, respectively at the end of cold storage. Also ω-3 and ω-6 series of fatty acids was 24/22 and 15/56% in fresh tissue, but their contents decreased to 8/68 and 5/11% at the end of period. Among, the fatty acids C22：6, C 18：1 c and C 16：0 had the most changes. The changes of fatty acids were significantly at 95% level expected for C18：0.
基金supported by the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars,State Education Ministry and Science and Techology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(Grant No.11DZ2260400)
文摘The freezing and melting process of a small water droplet on a superhydrophobic cold surface was investigated using the Laser Induced Fluorescence(LIF)technique.The superhydrophobic surface was prepared using a sol-gel method on a red copper test plate.From the obtained fluorescence images,the phase transition characteristics during the freezing and melting process of a water droplet were clearly observed.It was found that,at the beginning of the droplet freezing process,liquid water turned into ice at a very fast rate.Such phase transition process decreased gradually with time and the volume of frozen ice approached a constant value at the end of the icing process.In addition,the freezing time was found to reduce with the decrease of the test plate temperature.Besides,when the test plate temperature is relatively high,the effect of droplet volume on the freezing time is very significant.Over all,we provide some tentative insights into the microphysical process related to the icing and melting process of water droplets.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50606032)the Science Foundation of Health Office of China (No. WKJ2005-2-037)
文摘A rehydration process for freeze-dried human platelets was studied on 1 ml of samples. The effects of prehydration duration, prehydration temperature, an rehydration solution on the recovery rate, mean platelet volume （MPV）, and platelet distribution width （PDW） were investigated. The mass changes during the prehydration process were also studied. Three prehydration durations： 0, 1.5, and 3.5 h, and two rehydration solutions： platelet-poor plasma and phosphate-buffered saline （PBS）, were tested. It was found that： （1） the prehydration was of significance; （2） 1.5 h of prehydration had better effects than 3.5 h of prehydration; （3） as a rehydration solution, the platelet-poor plasma behaved better than the PBS. The impacts of prehydration duration and temperature on the results were studied. There was almost no difference between 35 and 37 ℃. Among all the prehydration durations tested, 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min, the best result was achieved with the time duration of 15 min. The weights of prehydrated platelets at the end of each test were measured and the water contents were calculated. After 15 min ofprehydration, the water contents in the samples were about （4.8±0.01）% and （5.27±0.29）% （w/w） corresponding to the conditions of 35 and 37 ℃, respectively. These results will be helpful for further studies on the freeze-drying of mammalian cells.
基金Project (Nos.30600256 and 50606032) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Long-term preservation and easy transportation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells(hBM-MSCs) will facilitate their application in medical treatment and bioengineering.A pilot study on the freeze-drying of hBM-MSCs was carried out.hBM-MSCs were loaded with trehalose.The glass transition temperature of the freeze-drying suspension was measured to provide information for the cooling and primary drying experiment.After freeze-drying,various rehydration processes were tested.The highest recovery rate of hBM-MSCs was(69.33± 13.08) %.Possible methods to improve freeze-drying outcomes are discussed.In conclusion,the present study has laid a foundation for the freeze-drying hBM-MSCs.
