目的:验证德国儿童身体协调性测试(Korperkoordinationtest für Kinder,KTK)在中国小学生基本运动技能测试中的信效度。方法:选取上海市某小学145名1~5年级学生,年龄(8.98±1.48)岁,应用KTK和美国粗大动作发展测试(Test of Gro...目的:验证德国儿童身体协调性测试(Korperkoordinationtest für Kinder,KTK)在中国小学生基本运动技能测试中的信效度。方法:选取上海市某小学145名1~5年级学生,年龄(8.98±1.48)岁,应用KTK和美国粗大动作发展测试(Test of Gross Motor Development,TGMD)进行学生的基本运动技能测试,对KTK的信效度进行统计检验。结果:小学生的KTK平均得分为178.20±41.68,且随着年级的增长得分逐级增高(F=11.94,P<0.001)。重测信度ICC为0.966~0.992;内部一致性信度Cronbach'sα系数为0.820;结构效度中因子分析模型适配良好(x^(2)/df=0.036,RMSEA=0.001,AGFI=0.999);同时效度中与TGMD总分具有中等程度相关(r=0.639,P<0.001)。结论:KTK在中国小学生基本运动技能测试中具有较好的信效度,可以作为小学生基本运动技能发展的有效评价工具。展开更多
Background: Recurrence of child maltreatment is a major problem, yet little is known about approaches to reduce this risk in families referred to child protection agencies. Since home visitation by nurses for disadvan...Background: Recurrence of child maltreatment is a major problem, yet little is known about approaches to reduce this risk in families referred to child protection agencies. Since home visitation by nurses for disadvantaged first time mothers has proven effective in prevention of child abuse and neglect, we aimed to investigate whether this approach might reduce recidivism. Methods: We enrolled in a randomised controlled trial 163 families with a history of one index child being exposed to physical abuse or neglect to compare standard treatment with a programme of home visitation by nurses in addition to standard treatment. The main outcome was recurrence of child physical abuse and neglect based on a standardised review of child protection records. Analysis was by intention to treat. Findings: At 3-years’follow-up, records were available for 160 of 163 (98%) families randomised. 139 (85%) completed follow-up. Recurrence of child physical abuse (31 43% in the control group vs 29 33% in the intervention group) and neglect (37 51% vs 41 47% )-did not differ between groups. However, hospital records showed significantly higher recurrence of either physical abuse or neglect in the intervention group than in the control group (21 24% vs 8 11% ). There were no differences between groups for the other secondary outcome measures. Interpretation: Despite the positive results of home visitation by nurses as an early prevention strategy, this visit-based strategy does not seem to be effective in prevention of recidivism of physical abuse and neglect in families associated with the child protection system. Much more effort needs to be directed towards prevention before a pattern of abuse or neglect is established in a family.展开更多
文摘目的:验证德国儿童身体协调性测试(Korperkoordinationtest für Kinder,KTK)在中国小学生基本运动技能测试中的信效度。方法:选取上海市某小学145名1~5年级学生,年龄(8.98±1.48)岁,应用KTK和美国粗大动作发展测试(Test of Gross Motor Development,TGMD)进行学生的基本运动技能测试,对KTK的信效度进行统计检验。结果:小学生的KTK平均得分为178.20±41.68,且随着年级的增长得分逐级增高(F=11.94,P<0.001)。重测信度ICC为0.966~0.992;内部一致性信度Cronbach'sα系数为0.820;结构效度中因子分析模型适配良好(x^(2)/df=0.036,RMSEA=0.001,AGFI=0.999);同时效度中与TGMD总分具有中等程度相关(r=0.639,P<0.001)。结论:KTK在中国小学生基本运动技能测试中具有较好的信效度,可以作为小学生基本运动技能发展的有效评价工具。
文摘Background: Recurrence of child maltreatment is a major problem, yet little is known about approaches to reduce this risk in families referred to child protection agencies. Since home visitation by nurses for disadvantaged first time mothers has proven effective in prevention of child abuse and neglect, we aimed to investigate whether this approach might reduce recidivism. Methods: We enrolled in a randomised controlled trial 163 families with a history of one index child being exposed to physical abuse or neglect to compare standard treatment with a programme of home visitation by nurses in addition to standard treatment. The main outcome was recurrence of child physical abuse and neglect based on a standardised review of child protection records. Analysis was by intention to treat. Findings: At 3-years’follow-up, records were available for 160 of 163 (98%) families randomised. 139 (85%) completed follow-up. Recurrence of child physical abuse (31 43% in the control group vs 29 33% in the intervention group) and neglect (37 51% vs 41 47% )-did not differ between groups. However, hospital records showed significantly higher recurrence of either physical abuse or neglect in the intervention group than in the control group (21 24% vs 8 11% ). There were no differences between groups for the other secondary outcome measures. Interpretation: Despite the positive results of home visitation by nurses as an early prevention strategy, this visit-based strategy does not seem to be effective in prevention of recidivism of physical abuse and neglect in families associated with the child protection system. Much more effort needs to be directed towards prevention before a pattern of abuse or neglect is established in a family.
