Sensory inputs stimulated by Zusanli（ST36） acupuncture in the abdomen are known to converge in the upper cervical cord. However, it is unclear whether these inputs are subsequently conveyed to the hypothalamic parav...Sensory inputs stimulated by Zusanli（ST36） acupuncture in the abdomen are known to converge in the upper cervical cord. However, it is unclear whether these inputs are subsequently conveyed to the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus and what kind of afferent fibers are involved. We focused on the upper cervical cord, where afferent inputs converge, and detected c-fos expression in oxytocinergic neurons. We found that Zusanli acupuncture therapy effectively elevated intragastric pressure, but inhibited expression of c-fos in oxytocinergic neurons of the paraventricular nucleus in upper cervical cord injured rats. These Zusanli acupuncture effects remained even after complete dorsal cord transection. However, after complete transection of the spinal cord or dorsolateral funiculus, the effects were significantly attenuated and even disappeared. These findings suggest that the paraventricular nucleus is responsible for pooling and integrating signals from the Zusanli acupuncture and sensory information from the intragastric pressure variation, thereby contributing to the regulation of intragastric pressure. The upper cervical cord serves as the key link between ascending and descending pathways, which conveys afferent inputs to the paraventricular nucleus through the dorsolateral funiculus.展开更多
Objective： The purpose of the study is to investigate the effects of up-regulation of Raf kinase inhibitor protein （RKIP） on the chemosensitivity of cervical cancer Hela cells. Methods： Eukaryotic expression plasm...Objective： The purpose of the study is to investigate the effects of up-regulation of Raf kinase inhibitor protein （RKIP） on the chemosensitivity of cervical cancer Hela cells. Methods： Eukaryotic expression plasmid pcDNA3.1（±）-ssRKIP containing human overall length RKIPcDNA was transfected into cervical cancer Hela cell by lipofectin assay, establishing a stable cell line containing a target gene by G418. Expression of RKIP in Hela cells was measured by Western blot analysis. After treatment with cisplatin of different concentrations and intervals of time, the effect of RKIP on the proliferation of Hela cells was evaluated by MTT method. The flow cytometry was used to investigate whether the RKIP could inhibit apoptosis in Hela cells induced by cisplatin. Results： The expression of RKIP in Hela cells transfected with pcDNA3.1-ssRKIP was increased obviously. After different concentrations of cisplatin treatment cells for 24, 48 and 72 h, the growth inhibition rate in Hela cells transfected with pcDNA3.1-ssRKIP was significantly higher than in control cells （P 〈 0.05）. With 5 pg/mL cisplatin treatment for 24 h, pcDNA3.1-ssRKIP-transfected Hela cells had an obviously higher percentage of apoptosis （23.2 ± 0.24）% than non-transfected cells （12.4 ± 0.31）% and empty vector-transfected cells （13.4 ± 0.47）%. Without treatment of cisplatin, the percentage of apoptosis for Hela cells transfected with pcDNA3.1-ssRKIP was （5.7 ± 0.12）%, which was still higher than those of the non-transfected cells （2.9 ± 0.21）% and empty vector-transfected cells （3 ± 0.08）%. Conclusion： Higher expres- sion of RKIP gene can improve chemosensitivitv of cervical cancer Hela cells to cisplatin.展开更多
Once bone metastasis occurs in lung cancer,the efficiency of treatment can be greatly reduced.Current mainstream treatments are focused on inhibiting cancer cell growth and preventing bone destruction.Microwave ablati...Once bone metastasis occurs in lung cancer,the efficiency of treatment can be greatly reduced.Current mainstream treatments are focused on inhibiting cancer cell growth and preventing bone destruction.Microwave ablation(MWA)has been used to treat bone tumors.However,MWA may damage the surrounding normal tissues.Therefore,it could be beneficial to develop a nanocarrier combined with microwave to treat bone metastasis.Herein,a microwave-responsive nanoplatform(MgFe_(2)O_(4)@ZOL)was constructed.MgFe_(2)O_(4)ZOL NPs release the cargos of Fe^(3+),Mg^(2+)and zoledronic acid(ZOL)in the acidic tumor microenvironment(TME).Fe^(3+)can deplete intracellular glutathione(GSH)and catalyze H_(2)O_(2)to generate•OH,resulting in chemodynamic therapy(CDT).In addition,the microwave can significantly enhance the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS),thereby enabling the effective implementation of microwave dynamic therapy(MDT).Moreover,Mg^(2+)and ZOL promote osteoblast differentiation.In addition,MgFe_(2)O_(4)ZOL NPs could target and selectively heat tumor tissue and enhance the effect of microwave thermal therapy(MTT).Both in vitro and in vivo experiments revealed that synergistic targeting,GSH depletion-enhanced CDT,MDT,and selective MTT exhibited significant antitumor efficacy and bone repair.This multimodal combination therapy provides a promising strategy for the treatment of bone metastasis in lung cancer patients.展开更多
Watermelon,Citrullus lanatus,is the world's third largest fruit crop.Reference genomes with gaps and a narrow genetic base hinder functional genomics and genetic improvement of watermelon.Here,we report the assemb...Watermelon,Citrullus lanatus,is the world's third largest fruit crop.Reference genomes with gaps and a narrow genetic base hinder functional genomics and genetic improvement of watermelon.Here,we report the assembly of a telomere-to-telomere gap-free genome of the elite watermelon inbred line G42 by incorporating high-coverage and accurate long-read sequencing data with multiple assembly strategies.All 11 chromosomes have been assembled into single-contig pseudomolecules without gaps,representing the highest completeness and assembly quality to date.The G42 reference genome is 369321829 bp in length and contains 24205 predicted protein-coding genes,with all 22 telomeres and 11 centromeres characterized.Furthermore,we established a pollen-EMS mutagenesis protocol and obtained over 200000M1 seeds from G42.In a sampling pool,48 monogenic phenotypic mutations,selected from 223M1and 78 M2 mutants with morphological changes,were confirmed.The average mutation density was 1 SNP/1.69Mband1 indel/4.55 Mb per M1 plant and 1SNP/1.08Mb and 1 indel/6.25 Mb per M2 plant.Taking advantage of the gap-free G42 genome,8039 mutations from 32 plants sampled from M1 and M2 families were identified with 100%accuracy,whereas only 25% of the randomly selected mutations identified using the 97103v2 reference genome could be confirmed.Using this library and the gap-free genome,two genes responsible for elongated fruit shape and male sterility(CiMs1)were identified,both caused by a single basechange from G to A.The validated gap-free genome and its EMS mutation library provide invaluable resources for functional genomics and genetic improvement of watermelon.展开更多
Rare earth elements(REEs)have been long applied in magnesium alloys,among which the mischmetal-containing WE43 alloy has already got the CE mark approval for clinical application.A considerable amount of REEs(7 wt%)is...Rare earth elements(REEs)have been long applied in magnesium alloys,among which the mischmetal-containing WE43 alloy has already got the CE mark approval for clinical application.A considerable amount of REEs(7 wt%)is needed in that multi-phased alloy to achieve a good combination of mechanical strength and corrosion resistance.However,the high complex RE addition accompanied with multiple second phases may bring the concern of biological hazards.Single-phased Mg-RE alloys with simpler compositions were proposed to improve the overall performance,i.e.,“Simpler alloy,better performance”.The single-phased microstructure can be successfully obtained with typical high-solubility REEs(Ho,Er or Lu)through traditional smelting,casting and extrusion in a wide compositional range.A good corrosion resistance with a macroscopically uniform corrosion mode was guaranteed by the homogeneously single-phased microstructure.The bimodal-grained structure with plenty of sub-grain microstructures allow us to minimize the RE addition to<1 wt%,without losing mechanical properties.The single-phased Mg-RE alloys show comparable mechanical properties to the clinically-proven Mg-based implants.They exhibited similar in-vitro and in-vivo performances(without local or systematic toxicity in SD-rats)compared to a high purity magnesium.In addition,metal elements in our single-phased alloys can be gradually excreted through the urinary system and digestive system,showing no consistent accumulation of RE in main organs,i.e.,less burden on organs.The novel concept in this study focuses on the simplification of Mg-RE based alloys for biomedical purpose,and other biodegradable metals with single-phased microstructures are expected to be explored.展开更多
Dendritic cell(DC)tumor vaccines exert their antitumor effects through the induction of effector T cells.We recently identified Tc9 cells as a new potent antitumor effector T cell subset.However,approaches to direct D...Dendritic cell(DC)tumor vaccines exert their antitumor effects through the induction of effector T cells.We recently identified Tc9 cells as a new potent antitumor effector T cell subset.However,approaches to direct DCs to preferably prime antitumor Tc9 cells should be further exploited.Here,we demonstrate that the addition of interleukin(IL)-33 potently promotes the induction of Tc9 cells by DCs in vitro and in vivo.IL-33 treatment also drives the cytotoxic activities of DC-induced Tc9 cells.Notably,IL-33 treatment enhances cell survival and proliferation of DC-primed CD8+T cells.More importantly,the addition of IL-33 during in vitro priming of tumor-specific Tc9 cells by DCs increases the antitumor capability of Tc9 cells.Mechanistic studies demonstrated that IL-33 treatment inhibits exhaustive CD8+T cell differentiation by inhibiting PD-1 and 2B4 expression and increasing IL-2 and CD127(IL-7 receptor-α,IL-7Rα)expression in CD8+T cells.Finally,the addition of IL-33 further promotes the therapeutic efficacy of DC-based tumor vaccines in the OT-I mouse model.Our study demonstrates the important role of IL-33 in DC-induced Tc9 cell differentiation and antitumor immunity and may have important clinical implications.展开更多
Lithium-ion batteries have become the mainstream power source for electric vehicles because of their excellent performance.However,lithium-ion batteries still experience aging and capacity attenuation during usage.It ...Lithium-ion batteries have become the mainstream power source for electric vehicles because of their excellent performance.However,lithium-ion batteries still experience aging and capacity attenuation during usage.It is therefore critical to accu-rately predict battery remaining capacity for increasing battery safety and prolonging battery life.This paper first adopts the metabolism grey algorithm and a simplified electrochemical model to predict battery capacity under different operating conditions.To improve the prediction performance where the capacity changes nonlinearly,a decoupling analysis of battery capacity loss is then conducted based on the simplified electrochemical model.Finally,an adaptive fitting method is devel-oped for capacity prediction,aiming at improving the prediction accuracy at the inflection point of battery capacity diving.The prediction results indicate that the developed adaptive fitting method can achieve high prediction accuracy under battery capacity attenuation at different discharge stages with errors lower than 2.2%.And the battery capacity decay shows linear variation,and the proposed method effectively forecast the inflection point of battery capacity diving.展开更多
Monoallelic gene expression refers to the phenomenon that all transcripts of a gene in a cell are expressed from only one of the two alleles in a diploid organism. Although monoallelic gene expression has been occasio...Monoallelic gene expression refers to the phenomenon that all transcripts of a gene in a cell are expressed from only one of the two alleles in a diploid organism. Although monoallelic gene expression has been occasionally reported with bulk transcriptome analysis in plants, how prevalent it is in individual plant cells remains unknown. Here, we developed a single-cell RNA-seq protocol in rice and investigated allelic expression patterns in mesophyll cells of indica （93-11 ） and japonica （Nipponbare） inbred lines, as well as their F1 reciprocal hybrids. We observed pervasive monoallelic gene expression in individual mesophyll cells, which could be largely explained by stochastic and independent transcription of two alleles. By con- trast, two mechanisms that were proposed previously based on bulk transcriptome analyses, parent-of- origin effects and allelic repression, were not well supported by our data. Furthermore, monoallelically expressed genes exhibited a number of characteristics, such as lower expression levels, narrower H3K4me3/H3K9acJH3K27me3 peaks, and larger expression divergences between 93-11 and Nipponbare. Taken together, the development of a single-cell RNA-seq protocol in this study offers us an excellent opportunity to investigate the origins and prevalence of monoallelic gene expression in plant cells.展开更多
In the sexually reproductive organisms, gametes are produced by meiosis following a limited mitotic amplification. However, the intrinsic program switching cells from mitotic to meiotic cycle is unclear.Alternative po...In the sexually reproductive organisms, gametes are produced by meiosis following a limited mitotic amplification. However, the intrinsic program switching cells from mitotic to meiotic cycle is unclear.Alternative polyadenylation（APA） is a highly conserved means of gene regulation and is achieved by the RNA 30-processing machinery to generate diverse 30 UTR profiles. In Drosophila spermatogenesis, we observed distinct profiles of transcriptome-wide 30 UTR between mitotic and meiotic cells. In mutant germ cells stuck in mitosis, 30 UTRs of hundreds of genes were consistently shifted. Remarkably, altering the levels of multiple 30-processing factors disrupted germline＇s progression to meiosis, indicative of APA＇s active role in this transition. An RNA-binding protein（RBP） Tut could directly bind 30 UTRs of 30-processing factors whose expressions were repressed in the presence of Tut-containing complex. Further,we demonstrated that this RBP complex could execute the repression post-transcriptionally by recruiting CCR4/Twin of deadenylation complex. Thus, we propose that an RBP complex regulates the dynamic APA profile to promote the mitosis-to-meiosis transition.展开更多
Ferroelectric poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene)(P(VDF-TrFE))/semiconducting poly(3-hexyl thiophene)(P3HT)blend systems have drawn great attention with their potential use for electronic applications,particul...Ferroelectric poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene)(P(VDF-TrFE))/semiconducting poly(3-hexyl thiophene)(P3HT)blend systems have drawn great attention with their potential use for electronic applications,particularly non-volatile memory devices.It is essential to grasp a full understanding of the crystallization habits of the two polymers on different substrates for purposeful control of the structures of the blend and therefore the properties of the devices.Here,the effects of structure and morphology of the blend films generated at different substrate surfaces on the ferroelectric and switching properties of related devices are reported.It is identified that P(VDF-TrFE)/P3HT blend films prepared on graphene substrate show not only an obvious optimization in the ferroelectric behavior of P(VDF-TrFE),but also an enhancement of the charge transport within P3HT domains.By employing sandwich structure constructed by silver electrode and P3HT/P(VDF-TrFE)blend film on graphene substrate,high-performance ferroelectric memory devices have been obtained,which exhibit a great electrical switching behavior with high ON/OFF ratio of about 1000 and low coercive voltage of approximately 5 V.These findings provide useful guidance for fabricating highperformance ferroelectric memory devices.展开更多
We are sorry for the misuploading of Fig.1(a)as Fig.2(b),which makes Fig.2(b)the same as Fig.1(a).The correct Fig.2(b)is presented below.It should be noted that the replacement of Fig.2(b)does not influence the discus...We are sorry for the misuploading of Fig.1(a)as Fig.2(b),which makes Fig.2(b)the same as Fig.1(a).The correct Fig.2(b)is presented below.It should be noted that the replacement of Fig.2(b)does not influence the discussion and conclusion.展开更多
Jiu(酒),it’s as blurry as you’d think小小酿酒坛中的大学问The character酒(jiu)is an umbrella term that refers to all members of the alcohol family.Add in a prefix,and you have the specific kind of alcohol,such as wi...Jiu(酒),it’s as blurry as you’d think小小酿酒坛中的大学问The character酒(jiu)is an umbrella term that refers to all members of the alcohol family.Add in a prefix,and you have the specific kind of alcohol,such as wine(葡萄酒putaojiu),beer(啤酒pijiu)and cocktails(鸡尾酒jiweijiu).酒is also distinguished by color,such as黄酒(huangiiu,yellow rice wine)and红酒(hongjiu,red wine),short展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81273677a grant from the Postgraduate Innovation Topics of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine in China in 2014,No.2014CX01
文摘Sensory inputs stimulated by Zusanli（ST36） acupuncture in the abdomen are known to converge in the upper cervical cord. However, it is unclear whether these inputs are subsequently conveyed to the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus and what kind of afferent fibers are involved. We focused on the upper cervical cord, where afferent inputs converge, and detected c-fos expression in oxytocinergic neurons. We found that Zusanli acupuncture therapy effectively elevated intragastric pressure, but inhibited expression of c-fos in oxytocinergic neurons of the paraventricular nucleus in upper cervical cord injured rats. These Zusanli acupuncture effects remained even after complete dorsal cord transection. However, after complete transection of the spinal cord or dorsolateral funiculus, the effects were significantly attenuated and even disappeared. These findings suggest that the paraventricular nucleus is responsible for pooling and integrating signals from the Zusanli acupuncture and sensory information from the intragastric pressure variation, thereby contributing to the regulation of intragastric pressure. The upper cervical cord serves as the key link between ascending and descending pathways, which conveys afferent inputs to the paraventricular nucleus through the dorsolateral funiculus.
基金Supported by a grant from the Qingdao Public Sphere Sci-technical Support Project(No.09-1-1-13-nsh)
文摘Objective： The purpose of the study is to investigate the effects of up-regulation of Raf kinase inhibitor protein （RKIP） on the chemosensitivity of cervical cancer Hela cells. Methods： Eukaryotic expression plasmid pcDNA3.1（±）-ssRKIP containing human overall length RKIPcDNA was transfected into cervical cancer Hela cell by lipofectin assay, establishing a stable cell line containing a target gene by G418. Expression of RKIP in Hela cells was measured by Western blot analysis. After treatment with cisplatin of different concentrations and intervals of time, the effect of RKIP on the proliferation of Hela cells was evaluated by MTT method. The flow cytometry was used to investigate whether the RKIP could inhibit apoptosis in Hela cells induced by cisplatin. Results： The expression of RKIP in Hela cells transfected with pcDNA3.1-ssRKIP was increased obviously. After different concentrations of cisplatin treatment cells for 24, 48 and 72 h, the growth inhibition rate in Hela cells transfected with pcDNA3.1-ssRKIP was significantly higher than in control cells （P 〈 0.05）. With 5 pg/mL cisplatin treatment for 24 h, pcDNA3.1-ssRKIP-transfected Hela cells had an obviously higher percentage of apoptosis （23.2 ± 0.24）% than non-transfected cells （12.4 ± 0.31）% and empty vector-transfected cells （13.4 ± 0.47）%. Without treatment of cisplatin, the percentage of apoptosis for Hela cells transfected with pcDNA3.1-ssRKIP was （5.7 ± 0.12）%, which was still higher than those of the non-transfected cells （2.9 ± 0.21）% and empty vector-transfected cells （3 ± 0.08）%. Conclusion： Higher expres- sion of RKIP gene can improve chemosensitivitv of cervical cancer Hela cells to cisplatin.
基金support from National Natural Science Foundation of China(U21A2084)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFC2400704).
文摘Once bone metastasis occurs in lung cancer,the efficiency of treatment can be greatly reduced.Current mainstream treatments are focused on inhibiting cancer cell growth and preventing bone destruction.Microwave ablation(MWA)has been used to treat bone tumors.However,MWA may damage the surrounding normal tissues.Therefore,it could be beneficial to develop a nanocarrier combined with microwave to treat bone metastasis.Herein,a microwave-responsive nanoplatform(MgFe_(2)O_(4)@ZOL)was constructed.MgFe_(2)O_(4)ZOL NPs release the cargos of Fe^(3+),Mg^(2+)and zoledronic acid(ZOL)in the acidic tumor microenvironment(TME).Fe^(3+)can deplete intracellular glutathione(GSH)and catalyze H_(2)O_(2)to generate•OH,resulting in chemodynamic therapy(CDT).In addition,the microwave can significantly enhance the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS),thereby enabling the effective implementation of microwave dynamic therapy(MDT).Moreover,Mg^(2+)and ZOL promote osteoblast differentiation.In addition,MgFe_(2)O_(4)ZOL NPs could target and selectively heat tumor tissue and enhance the effect of microwave thermal therapy(MTT).Both in vitro and in vivo experiments revealed that synergistic targeting,GSH depletion-enhanced CDT,MDT,and selective MTT exhibited significant antitumor efficacy and bone repair.This multimodal combination therapy provides a promising strategy for the treatment of bone metastasis in lung cancer patients.
基金This work was supported by the Provincial Technology Innovation Program of Shandong,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region agricultural breeding special project(NXNYYZ202001)Jiangsu Seed Industry Revitalization Competitive Project JBGS(2021)072,Ningbo Science and Technology Innovation Project 2021Z132,and Weifang Seed InnovationGroup.
文摘Watermelon,Citrullus lanatus,is the world's third largest fruit crop.Reference genomes with gaps and a narrow genetic base hinder functional genomics and genetic improvement of watermelon.Here,we report the assembly of a telomere-to-telomere gap-free genome of the elite watermelon inbred line G42 by incorporating high-coverage and accurate long-read sequencing data with multiple assembly strategies.All 11 chromosomes have been assembled into single-contig pseudomolecules without gaps,representing the highest completeness and assembly quality to date.The G42 reference genome is 369321829 bp in length and contains 24205 predicted protein-coding genes,with all 22 telomeres and 11 centromeres characterized.Furthermore,we established a pollen-EMS mutagenesis protocol and obtained over 200000M1 seeds from G42.In a sampling pool,48 monogenic phenotypic mutations,selected from 223M1and 78 M2 mutants with morphological changes,were confirmed.The average mutation density was 1 SNP/1.69Mband1 indel/4.55 Mb per M1 plant and 1SNP/1.08Mb and 1 indel/6.25 Mb per M2 plant.Taking advantage of the gap-free G42 genome,8039 mutations from 32 plants sampled from M1 and M2 families were identified with 100%accuracy,whereas only 25% of the randomly selected mutations identified using the 97103v2 reference genome could be confirmed.Using this library and the gap-free genome,two genes responsible for elongated fruit shape and male sterility(CiMs1)were identified,both caused by a single basechange from G to A.The validated gap-free genome and its EMS mutation library provide invaluable resources for functional genomics and genetic improvement of watermelon.
基金This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2021YFC2400700),the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52101283)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangzhou(Grant No.202201011454)+1 种基金the NSFC Incubation Program of GDPH(Grant No.KY012021165)the High-level Hospital Construction Project(Grant No.KJ012019520).
文摘Rare earth elements(REEs)have been long applied in magnesium alloys,among which the mischmetal-containing WE43 alloy has already got the CE mark approval for clinical application.A considerable amount of REEs(7 wt%)is needed in that multi-phased alloy to achieve a good combination of mechanical strength and corrosion resistance.However,the high complex RE addition accompanied with multiple second phases may bring the concern of biological hazards.Single-phased Mg-RE alloys with simpler compositions were proposed to improve the overall performance,i.e.,“Simpler alloy,better performance”.The single-phased microstructure can be successfully obtained with typical high-solubility REEs(Ho,Er or Lu)through traditional smelting,casting and extrusion in a wide compositional range.A good corrosion resistance with a macroscopically uniform corrosion mode was guaranteed by the homogeneously single-phased microstructure.The bimodal-grained structure with plenty of sub-grain microstructures allow us to minimize the RE addition to<1 wt%,without losing mechanical properties.The single-phased Mg-RE alloys show comparable mechanical properties to the clinically-proven Mg-based implants.They exhibited similar in-vitro and in-vivo performances(without local or systematic toxicity in SD-rats)compared to a high purity magnesium.In addition,metal elements in our single-phased alloys can be gradually excreted through the urinary system and digestive system,showing no consistent accumulation of RE in main organs,i.e.,less burden on organs.The novel concept in this study focuses on the simplification of Mg-RE based alloys for biomedical purpose,and other biodegradable metals with single-phased microstructures are expected to be explored.
基金funds from National Natural Science Foundation of China(81372536 to S.W.,81502452 to X.C.and 81602485 to Y.Z.).
文摘Dendritic cell(DC)tumor vaccines exert their antitumor effects through the induction of effector T cells.We recently identified Tc9 cells as a new potent antitumor effector T cell subset.However,approaches to direct DCs to preferably prime antitumor Tc9 cells should be further exploited.Here,we demonstrate that the addition of interleukin(IL)-33 potently promotes the induction of Tc9 cells by DCs in vitro and in vivo.IL-33 treatment also drives the cytotoxic activities of DC-induced Tc9 cells.Notably,IL-33 treatment enhances cell survival and proliferation of DC-primed CD8+T cells.More importantly,the addition of IL-33 during in vitro priming of tumor-specific Tc9 cells by DCs increases the antitumor capability of Tc9 cells.Mechanistic studies demonstrated that IL-33 treatment inhibits exhaustive CD8+T cell differentiation by inhibiting PD-1 and 2B4 expression and increasing IL-2 and CD127(IL-7 receptor-α,IL-7Rα)expression in CD8+T cells.Finally,the addition of IL-33 further promotes the therapeutic efficacy of DC-based tumor vaccines in the OT-I mouse model.Our study demonstrates the important role of IL-33 in DC-induced Tc9 cell differentiation and antitumor immunity and may have important clinical implications.
基金supported by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2021M690740)the Weihai Scientific Research and Innovation Funds(2019KYCXJJYB09).
文摘Lithium-ion batteries have become the mainstream power source for electric vehicles because of their excellent performance.However,lithium-ion batteries still experience aging and capacity attenuation during usage.It is therefore critical to accu-rately predict battery remaining capacity for increasing battery safety and prolonging battery life.This paper first adopts the metabolism grey algorithm and a simplified electrochemical model to predict battery capacity under different operating conditions.To improve the prediction performance where the capacity changes nonlinearly,a decoupling analysis of battery capacity loss is then conducted based on the simplified electrochemical model.Finally,an adaptive fitting method is devel-oped for capacity prediction,aiming at improving the prediction accuracy at the inflection point of battery capacity diving.The prediction results indicate that the developed adaptive fitting method can achieve high prediction accuracy under battery capacity attenuation at different discharge stages with errors lower than 2.2%.And the battery capacity decay shows linear variation,and the proposed method effectively forecast the inflection point of battery capacity diving.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (2014CB943500)the National Program for Support of Top-Notch Young Professionals+1 种基金the Recruitment Program of Global Youth Expertsthe State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics (SKLPG2011B0103 and SKLPG2016C0219-01)
文摘Monoallelic gene expression refers to the phenomenon that all transcripts of a gene in a cell are expressed from only one of the two alleles in a diploid organism. Although monoallelic gene expression has been occasionally reported with bulk transcriptome analysis in plants, how prevalent it is in individual plant cells remains unknown. Here, we developed a single-cell RNA-seq protocol in rice and investigated allelic expression patterns in mesophyll cells of indica （93-11 ） and japonica （Nipponbare） inbred lines, as well as their F1 reciprocal hybrids. We observed pervasive monoallelic gene expression in individual mesophyll cells, which could be largely explained by stochastic and independent transcription of two alleles. By con- trast, two mechanisms that were proposed previously based on bulk transcriptome analyses, parent-of- origin effects and allelic repression, were not well supported by our data. Furthermore, monoallelically expressed genes exhibited a number of characteristics, such as lower expression levels, narrower H3K4me3/H3K9acJH3K27me3 peaks, and larger expression divergences between 93-11 and Nipponbare. Taken together, the development of a single-cell RNA-seq protocol in this study offers us an excellent opportunity to investigate the origins and prevalence of monoallelic gene expression in plant cells.
基金supported by National Key Basic Research Program of China(No.2013CB945000)National Science Foundation of China(No.31471345)
文摘In the sexually reproductive organisms, gametes are produced by meiosis following a limited mitotic amplification. However, the intrinsic program switching cells from mitotic to meiotic cycle is unclear.Alternative polyadenylation（APA） is a highly conserved means of gene regulation and is achieved by the RNA 30-processing machinery to generate diverse 30 UTR profiles. In Drosophila spermatogenesis, we observed distinct profiles of transcriptome-wide 30 UTR between mitotic and meiotic cells. In mutant germ cells stuck in mitosis, 30 UTRs of hundreds of genes were consistently shifted. Remarkably, altering the levels of multiple 30-processing factors disrupted germline＇s progression to meiosis, indicative of APA＇s active role in this transition. An RNA-binding protein（RBP） Tut could directly bind 30 UTRs of 30-processing factors whose expressions were repressed in the presence of Tut-containing complex. Further,we demonstrated that this RBP complex could execute the repression post-transcriptionally by recruiting CCR4/Twin of deadenylation complex. Thus, we propose that an RBP complex regulates the dynamic APA profile to promote the mitosis-to-meiosis transition.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21774011,22022501 and 22073006).
文摘Ferroelectric poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene)(P(VDF-TrFE))/semiconducting poly(3-hexyl thiophene)(P3HT)blend systems have drawn great attention with their potential use for electronic applications,particularly non-volatile memory devices.It is essential to grasp a full understanding of the crystallization habits of the two polymers on different substrates for purposeful control of the structures of the blend and therefore the properties of the devices.Here,the effects of structure and morphology of the blend films generated at different substrate surfaces on the ferroelectric and switching properties of related devices are reported.It is identified that P(VDF-TrFE)/P3HT blend films prepared on graphene substrate show not only an obvious optimization in the ferroelectric behavior of P(VDF-TrFE),but also an enhancement of the charge transport within P3HT domains.By employing sandwich structure constructed by silver electrode and P3HT/P(VDF-TrFE)blend film on graphene substrate,high-performance ferroelectric memory devices have been obtained,which exhibit a great electrical switching behavior with high ON/OFF ratio of about 1000 and low coercive voltage of approximately 5 V.These findings provide useful guidance for fabricating highperformance ferroelectric memory devices.
文摘We are sorry for the misuploading of Fig.1(a)as Fig.2(b),which makes Fig.2(b)the same as Fig.1(a).The correct Fig.2(b)is presented below.It should be noted that the replacement of Fig.2(b)does not influence the discussion and conclusion.
文摘Jiu(酒),it’s as blurry as you’d think小小酿酒坛中的大学问The character酒(jiu)is an umbrella term that refers to all members of the alcohol family.Add in a prefix,and you have the specific kind of alcohol,such as wine(葡萄酒putaojiu),beer(啤酒pijiu)and cocktails(鸡尾酒jiweijiu).酒is also distinguished by color,such as黄酒(huangiiu,yellow rice wine)and红酒(hongjiu,red wine),short
