Rice leaves show lateral asymmetry.Differences in width,thickness,chlorophyll meter readings,nitrogen content,density,and yield on each asymmetrical have been reported.However,limited information is available on the d...Rice leaves show lateral asymmetry.Differences in width,thickness,chlorophyll meter readings,nitrogen content,density,and yield on each asymmetrical have been reported.However,limited information is available on the distribution characteristics of the smooth side(SS)and rough side(RS)of rice leaves.The SS of rice leaves can be divided into two types according to its location in leaf:one is the smooth side appearing on the left(SSAL)of the leaf,while the smooth side of the other type appears on the right(SSAR).Through the investigation of four rice varieties,we identified that the proportion of SSAL or SSAR of flag leaves on main stems or tillers was close to 0.50 in the rice population.On the same tiller stem,SSAL and SSAR present alternately,and the SS always stretches ahead of the RS in the curled state.Among the tiller flag leaves of a single rice plant,the proportion of tiller flag leaves with SSAL or SSAR to the total number of tillers is a discrete random variable.Frequency distribution analysis of these proportions showed that the percent of frequency of some class limits was close to each other,and the ratios of percent of frequency of SSAL to SSAR were close to 1:1.To our knowledge,this is a novel finding in rice canopy morphology.According to this study,we can divide rice population into two groups in four hybrid rice varieties.展开更多
Recent advances in systemic and locoregional treatments for patients with unresectable or advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)have resulted in improved response rates.This has provided an opportunity for selected pa...Recent advances in systemic and locoregional treatments for patients with unresectable or advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)have resulted in improved response rates.This has provided an opportunity for selected patients with initially unresectable HCC to achieve adequate tumor downstaging to undergo surgical resection,a‘conversion therapy’strategy.However,conversion therapy is a new approach to the treatment of HCC and its practice and treatment protocols are still being developed.Review the evidence for conversion therapy in HCC and develop consensus statements to guide clinical practice.Evidence review:Many research centers in China have accumulated significant experience implementing HCC conversion therapy.Preliminary findings and data have shown that conversion therapy represents an important strategy to maximize the survival of selected patients with intermediate stage to advanced HCC;however,there are still many urgent clinical and scientific challenges for this therapeutic strategy and its related fields.In order to summarize and learn from past experience and review current challenges,the Chinese Expert Consensus on Conversion Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma(2021 Edition)was developed based on a review of preliminary experience and clinical data from Chinese and non-Chinese studies in this field and combined with recommendations for clinical practice.Sixteen consensus statements on the implementation of conversion therapy for HCC were developed.The statements generated in this review are based on a review of clinical evidence and real clinical experience and will help guide future progress in conversion therapy for patients with HCC.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the Subproject of Special fund project for Scientific Research of Public Welfare Industry(Agriculture)(201503118-03)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31360311,31160263)+3 种基金the Scientific and Technological Innovative Talents Team for Cultivation and Eco-Physiology Research of Featured Grain and Oil Crops in Guizhou Province(Grant no.Qiankehe Platform Talents[2019]5613)the Talents Program of High Level and Innovative in Guizhou Province(Grant no.Qiankehe Platform Talents[2018]5632)the Construction Program of Biology First-class Discipline in Guizhou Province(GNYL[2017]009)the Agricultural Scientific and Technological Project in Guizhou Province(QiankeheZC[2019]2303,QiankeheZC[2016]2563,Qiankehe NY[2013]3005,Qiankehe NY[2011]3085).
文摘Rice leaves show lateral asymmetry.Differences in width,thickness,chlorophyll meter readings,nitrogen content,density,and yield on each asymmetrical have been reported.However,limited information is available on the distribution characteristics of the smooth side(SS)and rough side(RS)of rice leaves.The SS of rice leaves can be divided into two types according to its location in leaf:one is the smooth side appearing on the left(SSAL)of the leaf,while the smooth side of the other type appears on the right(SSAR).Through the investigation of four rice varieties,we identified that the proportion of SSAL or SSAR of flag leaves on main stems or tillers was close to 0.50 in the rice population.On the same tiller stem,SSAL and SSAR present alternately,and the SS always stretches ahead of the RS in the curled state.Among the tiller flag leaves of a single rice plant,the proportion of tiller flag leaves with SSAL or SSAR to the total number of tillers is a discrete random variable.Frequency distribution analysis of these proportions showed that the percent of frequency of some class limits was close to each other,and the ratios of percent of frequency of SSAL to SSAR were close to 1:1.To our knowledge,this is a novel finding in rice canopy morphology.According to this study,we can divide rice population into two groups in four hybrid rice varieties.
文摘Recent advances in systemic and locoregional treatments for patients with unresectable or advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)have resulted in improved response rates.This has provided an opportunity for selected patients with initially unresectable HCC to achieve adequate tumor downstaging to undergo surgical resection,a‘conversion therapy’strategy.However,conversion therapy is a new approach to the treatment of HCC and its practice and treatment protocols are still being developed.Review the evidence for conversion therapy in HCC and develop consensus statements to guide clinical practice.Evidence review:Many research centers in China have accumulated significant experience implementing HCC conversion therapy.Preliminary findings and data have shown that conversion therapy represents an important strategy to maximize the survival of selected patients with intermediate stage to advanced HCC;however,there are still many urgent clinical and scientific challenges for this therapeutic strategy and its related fields.In order to summarize and learn from past experience and review current challenges,the Chinese Expert Consensus on Conversion Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma(2021 Edition)was developed based on a review of preliminary experience and clinical data from Chinese and non-Chinese studies in this field and combined with recommendations for clinical practice.Sixteen consensus statements on the implementation of conversion therapy for HCC were developed.The statements generated in this review are based on a review of clinical evidence and real clinical experience and will help guide future progress in conversion therapy for patients with HCC.
