摘要
With global warming and over<span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">exploitation of water resources due to population explosion and related issues, numerous studies are being carried around the world </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">in</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> an effort to reinstate a state of a balanced life between the existing water resources and </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">their</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> utilization by human beings. Keeping in view, a watershed of 366</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">sq</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">.</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">km on 1:50</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">000 scale 65</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">O</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">/1 SOI map surrounding the Meghadrigedda reservoir in Visakhapatnam district of Andhra Pradesh, India has been taken up for the study. The watershed has been delineated into nine sub-watersheds and hydrogeomorphology, drainage, drainage density, slope, NDVI and NDWI of the study area has been carried out using Landsat data 2010 and Sentinel data 2020 in ARCGIS 10.0 environment.</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">All the villages in the catchment greatly depend on groundwater for irrigation, drinking as well as personal utilization. Change detection has been carried on to display the decline in surface water and ground water due to increased concentration of built-up land, siltation of ponds as well as decrease in the number of ponds. The watershed is experiencing large scale anthropogenic activities. The government must curb built-up activities and desilt the ponds to sustain the monsoon water, facilitating more recharge. The results of the study can serve as a basis for planning as well as for the development of a sustainable basin area.</span></span></span>
With global warming and over<span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">exploitation of water resources due to population explosion and related issues, numerous studies are being carried around the world </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">in</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> an effort to reinstate a state of a balanced life between the existing water resources and </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">their</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> utilization by human beings. Keeping in view, a watershed of 366</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">sq</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">.</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">km on 1:50</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">000 scale 65</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">O</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">/1 SOI map surrounding the Meghadrigedda reservoir in Visakhapatnam district of Andhra Pradesh, India has been taken up for the study. The watershed has been delineated into nine sub-watersheds and hydrogeomorphology, drainage, drainage density, slope, NDVI and NDWI of the study area has been carried out using Landsat data 2010 and Sentinel data 2020 in ARCGIS 10.0 environment.</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">All the villages in the catchment greatly depend on groundwater for irrigation, drinking as well as personal utilization. Change detection has been carried on to display the decline in surface water and ground water due to increased concentration of built-up land, siltation of ponds as well as decrease in the number of ponds. The watershed is experiencing large scale anthropogenic activities. The government must curb built-up activities and desilt the ponds to sustain the monsoon water, facilitating more recharge. The results of the study can serve as a basis for planning as well as for the development of a sustainable basin area.</span></span></span>
作者
Usha Chirala
Bhavana Pedada
Usha Chirala;Bhavana Pedada(Department of Geo-Engineering, Andhra University, Vishakhapatnam, India)
