摘要
本文对稀土元素在农用领域的研究进展及其在土壤、水体和植物中的分布、迁移与归宿特征作一系统总结,并对该领域的发展趋势进行了简要的说明。随着自然和人为因素造成的环境中稀土元素的增加,进而产生对生态环境和人类健康的影响,已引起全社会的关注。土壤中稀土元素的存在形态是生态环境效应和生物利用性的的重要参量。目前的实验结果在不同地区和不同土壤剖面中稀土元素的存在形态不尽相同,推测主要与其母质的组成及所处气候等环境条件相关。最近国际上已对稀土元素的水化学过程进行了较广泛的研究,水体中稀土分布受水体的化学参量(如pH,有机质等)和水化学过程影响,含量高低与人为活动有直接关系。植物中稀土元素的分布通常与土壤中稀土的含量多少相一致,在外施稀土的条件下,在施用后短期内稀土在各器官分布与施用部位密切相关,目前对植物体内稀土元素存在位置和赋存状态的实验结果差别明显,对植物中稀土元素的超富集机理不清等问题尚待进一步探究。
This paper is a general summary for rare earth elements(REEs)applications in agri-culture,the characteristics of their distribution,transport and fate in soils,waters and plants,and concise prospects to the future development in this field.Along with the increase of REEs in the environment,it has caused the concern on our society for the influence on ecological en-vironment and mankind's health.The solid speciation of REEs in soil horizons is an important parameter to its environmental effects and biological utilizations.However at present the se-quential extraction experiment results on the speciation of REEs are varied in different regions and soil profiles,and it is chiefly to be related with environmental conditions,such as the min-eral compositions of parent rocks and climate,etc.REE distribution in waters is affected by the environmental parameters(pH and organic matter)and water chemistry processes,the REE contents are also influenced by mankind's activity.REE distribution in plants is usually identi-cal with that in soils.Under different dressing methods,REE distribution in each organ of plants is closely related with the dressing position after short-term.At present the REEs location and speciation in plants are understood clearly,while the hyper-accumulation mechanism researches for REEs in plants are in doom.
出处
《地理科学进展》
CSCD
北大核心
2004年第1期51-61,共11页
Progress in Geography
基金
中科院王宽诚博士后工作奖励基金
国家自然科学基金(40243020)共同资助.
关键词
稀土元素
生物地球化学
rare earth elements(REEs)
biogeochemistry
