摘要
目的:构建《四部医典》方剂数据库,挖掘其用药规律,为研究藏族医学(简称藏医)用药规律提供参考。方法:收集《四部医典》中《秘诀医典》和《后续医典》记载的方剂,应用Visual Fox Pro 9. 0构建方剂数据库,结合藏医疾病的'十五会'及其治疗的'十八实践'双视角,应用Gephi 0. 9. 2复杂网络等方法进行分析。结果:《四部医典》共收载2 695首藏药方剂,构成每一方剂的药味均数为6. 6味,其中≤7的占总方剂的69. 2%,总方剂涉及的药物有1 002种,其中诃子、竺黄、红花、荜茇、干姜等节点度≥156,藏医特色药食两用药物酥油、白糖、青稞甜醅、蜂蜜、红糖等节点度≥91,根据十五会(skabs bco lnga)的疾病分类,伤科病会有495首方剂、热病会有323首、毒症会有278首、三因病会有197首等。根据十八实践(lag len bco brgyad)治疗方法,散剂有162首,汤剂有77首,催泻法有84首等。关联规则分析发现冰片、竺黄、红花、檀香等凉性药物的边权重≥59,石榴子、荜茇、肉桂、豆蔻等温性药物的边权重≥45。结论:《四部医典》具有以'凉-温'药性为双核心的椭圆式哲学用药规律,以'消-泻'(zhi-sbyong)二法为用药方法,隆-赤巴-培根的权重为用药辨证思维等特点,其中酥油、青稞甜醅、白糖等藏医特色送服剂的临床应用突出,体现了以整体平衡为重心的藏族文化哲学思想,具有'食疗加药物,药物加治法'的多维立体用药规律,对揭示藏医用药规律的研究具有积极意义。
Objective:The Four Medical Tantras is a classic work of Tibetan medicine,in which drug treatment is one of the four main treatment methods,and prescriptions are the main form of clinical drug use.The study on the medication rules of The Four Medical Tantras has positive significance for the clinical medication research of Tibetan medicine.Method:Prescriptions recorded in Secret Medical Code and Follow-up Medical Code from The Four Medical Tantras were collected,the prescription database was constructed by Visual FoxPro 9.0,combined the dual perspectives of the'fifteen categories'(skabs bco lnga)of Tibetan medical diseases and the'eighteen practices'(lag len bco brgyad)of treatment,and Gephi 0.9.2 complex network was used to analyze its medication rules.Result:The Four Medical Tantras contained 2 695 Tibetan medicine prescriptions,average number of drugs in each prescription was 6.6,prescription composed of≤7 drugs accounted for 69.2%of the total prescription.There were 1 002 kinds of medicines involved in the total prescription,of which 156 was the nodal degrees of Chebulae Fructus,Bambusae Concretio Silicea,Carthami Flos,Piperis Longi Fructus and Zingiberis Rhizoma and so on;followed by 91 nodal degrees of butter(mar),sugar,barley sweetener(sbang ma),honey and brown sugar and so on,which were Tibetan medicinal and edible medicines.According to the classification of diseases in the fifteen categories,there were 495 prescriptions for traumatology(mtshon rma),323 for fever(tsha ba),278 for toxics and 197 for three factors diseases.According to the treatment method of eighteen practices,162 powder,77 decoction,84 laxative(bxhal)and others were used.Association rule analysis found that edge weights of Borneolum Syntheticum,Bambusae Concretio Silicea,Carthami Flos,Santali Albi Lignum and other cold medicines were 59,edge weights of pomegranate seeds,Piperis Longi Fructus,Cinnamomi Cortex,Amomi Fructus Rotundus and other warm medicines were 45.Conclusion:The Four Medical Tantras has some characteristics,including the medication rules of elliptic philosophy with cool-warm medicinal properties as the dual core,elimination-diarrhea(zhi-sbyong)as medication methods,weight of rlung-mkhris pa-bad kan as medication dialectical thinking and so on.Among them,the clinical application of butter,barley sweetener,sugar and other special delivery agents of Tibetan medicine is prominent.The prominent clinical application of special Tibetan medicines embodies the philosophy of Tibetan culture with the emphasis on overall balance.It has the multidimensional medication rule of'diet plus medicine,medicine plus therapy',and has positive significance for revealing the research on medication rules of Tibetan medicine.
作者
文成当智
贡保东知
夺机仁青
卓玛措
齐美措
西纳卓玛
供秋措
罗让卓玛
东改措
张艺
WENCHENG Dang-zhi;GONGBAO Dong-zhi;DUOJI Ren-qing;ZHUOMA Cuo;QIMEI Cuo;XINA Zhuo-ma;GONGQIU Cuo;LUORANG Zhuo-ma;DONGGAI Cuo;ZHANG Yi(Ethnic Medicine School,Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Chengdu611137,China;Mongolia and Tibetan Medicine Hospital in Doulan County,Delingha816100,China;Mongolian and Tibetan Medicine Hospital in Haixi State,Delingha817000,China)
出处
《中国实验方剂学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第22期175-185,共11页
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC1703900)
2017年青海省高层次卫生骨干人才培养项目
青海省中藏医药研究课题(2016208)
成都中医药大学大学生科研实践创新课题(ky-2018010)
关键词
《四部医典》
藏族药
方剂
数据库
用药规律
复杂网络
十五会
十八实践
The Four Medical Tantras
Tibetan medicine
prescription
database
medication rule
complex network
fifteen categories
eighteen practices
