摘要
为了给柴达木盆地南缘合理利用气候资源和农业生产可持续发展提供科技支撑,利用柴达木盆地南缘1961—2015年气温、积温、日照时数、降水量等资料,应用气候倾向率、气候趋势系数等统计方法,分析该区农业气候资源变化特征。结果表明:(1)柴达木盆地南缘热量资源呈增加趋势,年、季平均气温升高明显,年平均气温变化倾向率为0.49℃/10 a。≥0℃、≥10℃年积温变化倾向率分别为77.0℃/10 a、102.5℃/10 a。(2)光照资源呈略减少趋势,年平均日照时数减少倾向率为35.2 h/10 a,夏季减少较为明显,减少倾向率为16.7 h/10 a。(3)降水资源呈略增加趋势,年降水量增加倾向率为6.0 mm/10 a,夏季增幅较明显,增加倾向率为4.0 mm/10 a。(4)农业气候资源变化对调整农业种植结构,发展设施、特色农业,增加产量有利;同时也易造成农业水分供需矛盾加剧、农作物病虫害增多、农业成本和投资增加等不利影响。
To provide scientific and technological support for the rational utilization of climate resources and the sustainable development of agricultural production in the south edge of the Qaidam Basin,using the data of temperature,accumulated temperature,sunshine duration and precipitation from 1961 to 2015,we analyzed the change features of agro-climatic resources by means of statistical methods such as climate tendency rate and coefficient.The results showed that(1)the heat resources presented an increasing trend,both annual and seasonal average temperature increased obviously,the annual average temperature variation tendency rate was0.49℃/10 a;≥0℃and≥10℃annual accumulated temperature variation tendency rate was 77.0℃/10 a and102.5℃/10 a,respectively;(2)the light resource reduced a bit,the decrease tendency rate of the annual average sunshine duration was 35.2 h/10 a,meanwhile that of summer decreased significantly by 16.7 h/10 a;(3)the precipitation resources showed a slightly increasing trend,the increase tendency rate of annual precipitation was 6.0 mm/10 a,obviously in summer with the rate of 4.0 mm/10 a;(4)the change of agroclimatic resources is beneficial to adjust the agricultural planting structure,develop facility and characteristic agriculture and increase yield;however,it could intensify the contradiction between water supply and demand in agriculture production,cause more crop diseases and pests,and increase agricultural cost and input.
作者
王发科
都占良
雷玉红
许学莲
Wang Fake;Du Zhanliang;Lei Yuhong;Xu Xuelian(Meteorological Bureau of Geermu City,Geermu Qinghai 816099)
出处
《中国农学通报》
2019年第23期91-96,共6页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
关键词
柴达木盆地南缘
农业气候资源
变化特征
south edge of Qaidam Basin
agricultural climate resources
change features
