摘要
玻璃体对不同元素有着广泛的包容性,且具有良好的耐久性,除此之外,玻璃生产工艺简单,易于遥控操作,因而,玻璃固化技术是目前国际上唯一工业应用且发展最成熟的高放废液处理技术。从材料学的角度,介绍了玻璃固化核废料的机理及设计核废料玻璃固化体的基本原则,综述了玻璃固化体近年来的国际研究进展。重点研究方向包括:1以提高核废料负载量为目标,研究玻璃体对核废料的承载能力;2最大化核废料玻璃产率,研究玻璃炉料熔融物理化学反应;3确保核废料玻璃长期贮存的安全,研究玻璃腐蚀机理,建立长期腐蚀行为模型,提供玻璃固化体安全评价方法。最后,对核废料玻璃固化体今后的研究发展方向做了展望。
Vitrification is the well-developed and the only kind of technology to industrially immobilize the nuclear wastes originating from civil and military spent fuel reprocessing, because the glass waste form enables to incorporate a very large range of elements, and has the good long-term durability to resist the chemical corrosion, and could be produced with the relative simple processes under the remote control. In the view point of materials science and technology, this paper introduced the glass immobilization mechanism and principles to design glass waste form, and then reviewed the recent international research progress on glass waste form. The main efforts included: (i) ability to accommodate the waste to improve the waste loading, (ii) melter feed reactions to maximize the rate of melting, and (iii) the corrosion mechanism and the long-term behavior to ensure the safe disposal. Finally, future trends and options in waste vitrification were prospected.
出处
《中国材料进展》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第7期481-488,517,共9页
Materials China
