摘要
为探明中粒种咖啡(Coffea canephora)适宜施氮量,以其高产无性系24-2为试材,在咖啡果干物质积累高峰期设置不同施氮量处理,研究施氮量对咖啡生长及光合特征的影响。结果表明:与对照(未施氮,CK)相比,施氮能够显著提高咖啡株高、冠幅等形态指标,显著增加植株一级分枝对数、果粒数和千粒重等产量构成因子,且显著提高植株叶片净光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率等光合指标,随施氮量增加各指标总体呈增加趋势。对咖啡产量与各测定指标进行相关性分析时发现,咖啡产量与一级分枝对数、净光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率呈显著正相关,施氮通过提高咖啡光合能力和增加植株一级分枝对数来提高产量。综上,重视咖啡果干物质积累高峰期的氮素供应,是确保植株较高光合能力和提高产量的有效措施;仅以产量考量,N760为最佳施氮处理。本研究结果为海南中等肥力咖啡植区的氮肥施用提供理论依据。
In this paper,effects of different nitrogen level on growth and photosynthetic characteristics in 24-2 coffee were studied.Our results showed that compared with CK,the application of nitrogen significantly increased the morphological indices such as plant height and crown breadth,the yield components such as 1000-grain weight,the numbers of trunk branch and fruit grain,the photosynthetic parameters such as net photosynthetic rate(Pn),stomatal conductance(Gs)and transpiration rate(Tr).With the increase of nitrogen level,the data of above parameters showed an increasing trend.The coffee yield was positively correlated with the number of trunk branch,Pn,Gs and Tr,which were improved with the application of nitrogen.In summary,the nitrogen application during the peak period of dry matter accumulation in coffee was an effective measure to ensure higher photosynthetic capacity and yield,and N760 was the best application.
作者
孙燕
董云萍
龙宇宙
林兴军
闫林
黄丽芳
王晓阳
SUN Yan;DONG Yunping;LONG Yuzhou;LIN Xingjun;YAN Lin;HUANG Lifang;WANG Xiaoyang(Spice and Beverage Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Wanning,Hainan 571533,China;Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources Utilization of Spice and Beverage Crops,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Wanning,Hainan 571533,China;Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Quality Regulation for Tropical Spice and Beverage Crops,Wanning,Hainan 571533,China)
出处
《热带作物学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第2期215-220,共6页
Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops
基金
海南省自然科学基金面上项目(No.317274)
国家重点研发计划项目(No.2018YFD0201108-1)
关键词
咖啡
施氮量
生长
光合特征
一级分枝
coffee
nitrogen level
growth
photosynthetic characteristic
trunk branch
