摘要
利用1951一2012年华南192个测站逐月气温资料、NCEP/NCAR再分析月资料、NCC的ENSO监测资料,采用相关分析和合成分析等方法分析了华南冬季气温异常与ENSO的关系。结果表明:华南冬季气温对La Nina事件的响应比对E1 Nino事件显著,La Nina事件当年华南冬季气温以偏低为主,极强La Nina事件对应的华南冬季气温显著偏低,而中部型La Nina事件出现过华南冬季气温显著偏高的情况。当La Nina(El Nino)事件为东部型、Nino区海温异常的峰值月份出现在秋冬季,当年华南冬季气温易偏低(高)。从年际尺度上,当La Nina发生时,在对流层低层激发西太平洋异常气旋环流和北风异常,对应对流层中层北太平洋高压、乌拉尔山高压脊和东亚大槽南段均加强,西太平洋副热带高压减弱,东亚中高纬经向环流明显,冬季风偏强,导致我国大部分地区包括华南冬季气温偏冷,反之亦然。El Nino事件对华南冬季气温的影响具有年代际差异。对应华南冬季气温年代际变化的海温变化明显的区域位于北太平洋,而与ENSO关系不明显。
Based on the monthly temperature data of 192 observational stations in South China,NCEP/NCAR reanalysis monthly temperature data and ENSO monitoring data by NCC,the relationship between winter temperature in South China and ENSO is studied by using the methods of correlation analysis,com-position analysis and so on.The results show that the response of the winter temperature in South China to La Ni?a event is more obvious than to El Ni?o event.In La Ni?a year,the winter temperature in South China is lower than in normal years.The significantly low temperature appears in extremely strong La Ni?a years,but the temperature is high obviously in central pattern La Ni?a events.The winter tempera-ture in South China is mainly lower (higher)than that in normal years when La Ni?a (El Ni?o)event is in east pattern,and the peak months of Nino SSTA are in autumn and winter.In La Ni?a years,there is an abnormal cyclone circulation in the Pacific subtropical high and abnormal north wind in the low tropo-sphere.North Pacific high,Ural Mountains high ridge and the south of East Asia trough also become strong,the West Pacific subtropical high becomes weak in the middle troposphere.The meridional circula-tion in middle high latitude in East Asia is evident.East-Asian winter monsoon is strong in case of La Ni?a events,the winter temperature in most regions of China including South China is lower than that in normal years,and vice versa.There are significant interdecadal differences of the effect of El Ni?o event on the winter temperature in South China.SST variation obviously corresponding to interdecadal variation of the winter temperature in South China is found in North Pacific,and the relationship between the variation and ENSO is not obvious.
出处
《气象》
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第10期1230-1239,共10页
Meteorological Monthly
基金
中国气象局华南区域气象中心科技攻关项目(GRMC2014M01)
广东省科技计划项目(2012A061400012)
广东气象局科技项目(2013B11)
广东省气候中心项目(QH201406)共同资助
