摘要
浅埋煤层长壁开采工作面矿压显现有时很强烈,在支架工作阻力和支护强度很大时仍发生严重的压架事故。据不完全统计,神东矿区自2007年以来先后发生十多起严重的压架事故,造成了巨大的经济损失。压架灾害是目前影响神东矿区浅埋煤层安全高效开采的重要因素之一。为了有效防治压架灾害,通过大量的工程实测,并结合模拟实验和理论分析,对神东矿区浅埋煤层开采压架机理与类型开展了系统深入的研究,结果表明:当浅埋煤层覆岩呈现复合单一关键层结构和上煤层已采单一关键层结构时,在下列4类特定条件下上覆岩层直至地表的荷载易直接作用到该单一关键层结构上,导致关键层结构的滑落失稳,引发工作面压架:1厚风积沙复合单一关键层条件;2过沟谷地形上坡段条件;3采出上覆集中煤柱条件;4上覆房采煤柱下开采条件。揭示了上述4类条件下关键层结构失稳机制与压架机理,并提出了相应的防治对策,指导了神东矿区浅埋煤层开采压架灾害的防治实践。
Rock pressure of shallow seam longwall mining faces appears very strong sometimes and it still causes severe support crushing accidents under large working resistance of supports and supporting intensity.According to incomplete statistics,there had more than ten serious support crushing accidents in Shendong mines since 2007,which resulted in huge economic loss.Support crushing disaster is one of the important factors influencing safe and efficient exploitation of shallow seams in Shendong mines.By a large number of field investigations combined with simulations and theoretical analysis,systematical and in-depth studies were carried out on the crushing mechanism and types.The results show that when the shallow buried strata present both single key stratum(KS)structure of compound group and over seam extracted group,the load of overlying strata up to the surface directly applies on the single KS structure under the following four kinds of particular conditions,leading to sliding instability of the KS structure and thus causing supports crushing on the faces.The four particular conditions are:1 Composite single KS with thick aeolian sand;2 The uphill sections of valley terrains;3 Mining out of the upper coal pillars;4 Mining seams over which are pillars ofroom mining.This paper revealed the mechanism of sliding instability of the KS structure and crushing mechanism under the above four kinds of conditions.Corresponding preventing and control measures were also proposed through which it guided the prevention and control of supports crushing disasters of shallow seams in Shendong mines.
出处
《煤炭学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第8期1625-1634,共10页
Journal of China Coal Society
基金
国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)资助项目(2013CB227900)
"十二五"国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2012BAK04B06)
国家自然科学基金和神华集团有限公司联合资助项目(51174288)
关键词
浅埋煤层
压架灾害
关键层
神东矿区
shallow seam
supports crushing disaster
key stratum(KS)
Shendong coalfield
