摘要
西瓜枯萎病是由西瓜专化型尖孢镰刀菌引起的世界性土传病害,目前尚未找到抑制尖孢镰刀菌的最有效方法。本研究用厌氧还原土壤灭菌法处理西瓜连作土壤,试验设8个处理:不添加物料不加水处理(对照)、只淹水处理、少量稻草+淹水处理、高量稻草+淹水处理、少量玉米秸秆+淹水处理、高量玉米秸秆+淹水处理、高量稻草+饱和水处理、高量玉米秸秆+饱和水处理,测定处理后土壤的理化性质及土壤中可培养微生物数量。结果显示:添加有机物料加水处理的土壤氧化还原电位、尖孢镰刀菌数及NO-3-N、SO2-4含量均显著低于对照,且其p H值均显著高于对照,而电导率和NH+4-N含量与对照相比变化不显著。可见,厌氧还原土壤灭菌法可有效调节土壤理化性质,抑制西瓜专化型尖孢镰刀菌。
Watermelon fusarium wilt is a typical worldwide soil-borne disease induced by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.niveum,and no effective method has been found to control it. In this study,anaerobic soil disinfestations was applied to treat continuous cropping watermelon soil. Eight treatments were set in the experiment,which were no materials and no water( control),flooding only,a small amount of rice straw plus flooding,a large amount of rice straw plus flooding,a small amount of corn stalk plus flooding,a large amount of corn stalk plus flooding,a large amount of rice straw plus saturated water,and a large amount of corn stalk plus saturated water. The physical and chemical parameters and microbial quantity in the treated soil were determined. The results showed that oxidation-reduction potential,population of Fusarium oxysporum and concentrations of NO-3-N and SO2-4in the treated soils were significantly lower than those in control,whereas the p H values were significantly higher. The electrical conductivity and NH+4-N concentrations were close. This study indicated that the method of anaerobic reduction soil disinfestation could effectively regulate the physico-chemical properties and suppress Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum in soil.
出处
《江苏农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第5期1006-1011,共6页
Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
江苏省2013年度普通高校研究生科研创新计划项目(CXLX13_370)
安徽省振兴计划重大项目(2014zdjy137)
蚌埠学院优秀人才计划项目
安徽省大学生创新计划项目(AH201411305053)
安徽省自然科学基金项目(KJ2008B195)
关键词
厌氧还原土壤灭菌法
连作障碍
尖孢镰刀菌
anaerobic soil disinfestation
continuous cropping obstacle
Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.niveum
