摘要
许多学者都试图给生态位下定义 ,但最具代表性的当推Grinnell、Elton和Hutchinson分别给出的“空间生态位”、“功能生态位”和“多维超体积生态位”定义 ;生态位测度包括生态位宽度、生态位重叠、生态位体积及生态位维数等 ,其中生态位宽度和生态位重叠是描述一个物种的生态位以及物种生态位间关系的重要指标 .该文列举并分析了每一个测度公式的优缺点 ,进而优选出适合森林群落的生态位计测公式 .指出利用性竞争的一个必要条件是生态位重叠 ,但重叠并不一定导致竞争 ,竞争是在资源供应不足且生态位重叠条件下形成的 .
The study on niche theory and its applications has become one important part of modern ecology.Although many scholars had attempted to define it, the typical definitions of niche are Grinnell's space niche, Elton's functional niche and Hutchinson's hypervolume niche; Niche metrics include niche breadth, niche overlapping, niche volume and niche dimension, among which niche breadth and niche overlapping are two important indexes that can be used to characterize a species niche and the relationships between species niches. This paper lists the metrics formulae and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of each formula, and then selects the formulae fitting forests community. The authors hold that niche overlapping is a necessary condition of resource utilizing competition, and the competition is formed not only under resources scaring but also niche overlapping.
出处
《北京林业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2003年第1期100-107,共8页
Journal of Beijing Forestry University
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目"黄土坡面果粮复合系统根系结构及生态位特征研究"(3 99970 60 9)
