摘要
为研究用Cu^(2+)对大口黑鲈(Micropterus salmoides)幼鱼消毒所造成其组织结构和抗氧化指标的影响,本研究使用不同Cu^(2+)浓度(0、0.13、0.25、0.50、0.70、1.00 mg/L)的水饲养平均体质量为(3.3±0.2)g大口黑鲈幼鱼28 d,再在清水中恢复28 d。通过HE染色观察恢复前后幼鱼的肝、肠、鳃和肌肉组织的结构变化,使用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测肝、肠、鳃和肌肉超氧化物歧化酶和碱性磷酸酶活性。结果显示:饲养第28 d时,0.70mg/L和1.00 mg/L组幼鱼的大部分肝细胞出现空泡,细胞排列紊乱,肝脏局部细胞坏死;同时发现幼鱼鳃组织结构破坏严重,大量鳃小片呼吸上皮细胞脱落,部分鳃小片毛细血管肿胀充血、出血;肠道和肌肉组织结构基本无影响。恢复28 d后,1.00 mg/L组幼鱼肝脏仍存在细胞空泡化和坏死现象;0.70 mg/L和1.00 mg/L组鳃组织有所恢复,但还存在小片呼吸上皮细胞脱落,部分鳃小片毛细血管肿胀充血、出血。恢复第7 d时,1.00 mg/L组肝脏和肠道中SOD活性显著降低,第14 d时0.70 mg/L组肝脏SOD活性显著降低,1.00 mg/L组幼鱼肝脏AKP活性也显著降低,恢复21 d时,1.00 mg/L组幼鱼鳃SOD活性和肠道AKP活性均显著降低,恢复28 d后,除1.00 mg/L组幼鱼鳃、肝、肠和肌肉组织SOD活性未能恢复到对照组水平,其余处理组的SOD和AKP活性基本均恢复到对照水平。综上,低浓度(0~0.50 mg/L)的Cu^(2+)在短期内导致幼鱼肝、肠、鳃和肌肉中的SOD、AKP活性升高,高浓度(0.70和1.00 mg/L)的Cu^(2+)会对大口黑鲈幼鱼的鳃和肝脏造成组织损伤且28 d内不能恢复,抑制肝和鳃中SOD、AKP活性,恢复28 d肝和鳃中SOD、AKP活性基本恢复至对照水平。在实际生产中,建议使用0.5 mg/L Cu^(2+)对大口黑鲈幼鱼进行消毒。
The juvenile Micropterus salmoides were fed with water with different CuSO 4 concentrations(0,0.13,0.25,0.50,0.70,1.00 mg/L)for 28 days in this study,with an average body weight of(3.3±0.2)g,and then recovered with water without CuSO 4 for 28 days.The structural changes of the liver,intestine,gills and muscle tissues were observed by HE staining,and the activities of SOD and AKP in the liver,intestines,gills and muscles were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The results showed that most of the hepatocytes in the 0.70 and 1.00 mg/L groups on the 28th day had vacuoles,the cell arrangement was disordered,and the local cells of the liver were necrosis.The tissue structure of the gills of the juveniles of M.salmoides in the 28 d 0.70 and 1.00 mg/L groups was seriously damaged,a large number of small gill pieces of respiratory epithelial cells were shed,and some gill tiny capillaries were swollen,congested and haemorrhaged.There was little effect on the structure of the intestinal tract and musculature.After 28 days of recovery,the liver of M.salmoides in the 1.00 mg/L group still had vacuolar cavitation and necrosis.The gill tissues of the 0.70 and 1.00 mg/L groups recovered.However,there were still small pieces of respiratory epithelial cells shedding,and some tiny gill capillaries were swollen,congested and haemorrhaged,and did not fully recover.The activity of gill SOD in the 1.00 mg/L group on the 21st day was significantly decreased,the activity of liver SOD on the 14th day 0.70 mg/L and on the 7 th day 1.00 mg/L group was decreased considerably,the intestinal SOD activity in the 7 th day 1.00 mg/L group was significantly decreased,the liver AKP activity of juveniles in the 14 th day 1.00 mg/L group was significantly decreased,and the intestinal AKP activity of juveniles in the 21 st d 1.00 mg/L group was reduced considerably.There was no significant difference in concentration in the other groups.After 28 days of recovery,except for the 1.00 mg/L group,the activities of gills,liver,intestine and muscle tissues of larval M.salmoides did not return to the control level,and the activities of SOD and AKP in the other concentrations returned to the control level.In conclusion,a high concentration of Cu^(2+)(0.70~1.0 mg/L)will cause tissue damage to the gills and liver of juvenile M.salmoides and cannot recover quickly.Low concentration of Cu^(2+)(0~0.50 mg/L)will promote the activities of SOD and AKP in the liver,intestine,gills and muscles of juvenile M.salmoides,and a high concentration of Cu^(2+)will inhibit the activities of SOD and AKP,and restore the control level after 28 days.In actual production,it is recommended to disinfect 0.5 mg/L Cu^(2+).
作者
巩佳乐
李胜杰
连总强
王旭军
王彩雯
吴旭东
刘哲
GONG Jiale;LI Shengjie;LIAN Zongqiang;WANG Xujun;WANG Caiwen;WU Xudong;LIU Zhe(College of Animal Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Guangzhou 510385,China;Fisheries Research Institute,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,Yinchuan 750001,China;Ningxia Xinming Runyuan Agricultural Science and Technology Co.,Ltd.,Yinchuan 750001,China)
出处
《淡水渔业》
北大核心
2025年第2期85-94,共10页
Freshwater Fisheries
