摘要
以炮仗花(Pyrostegia venusta)、蒜香藤(Mansoa alliacea)、龙吐珠(Clerodendrum thomsonae)、紫萼龙吐珠(Clerodendrum speciosum)为试材,采用盆栽试验方法,研究了持续干旱对不同木质藤本植物生理生化特性的影响,以期为4种木质藤本植物在园林绿化中的科学应用提供参考依据。结果表明:1)轻度干旱提高了炮仗花和龙吐珠的叶片失水率约44.74%和83.47%,导致叶片发生卷曲和脱落。但随干旱胁迫梯度的增加,叶片失水率呈现先上升后下降,最后上升的趋势;表明木质藤本植物能够主动适应干旱胁迫。同期增加的叶片可溶性糖和脯氨酸等渗透调节物质,降低的丙二醛含量验证了这一点。尤其是紫萼龙吐珠,在干旱胁迫下叶绿素a、叶绿素b和类胡萝卜素含量仍比对照高8.07%~72.83%,具有良好的光合能力和抗旱性。2)随着试验干旱程度的增加,龙吐珠与紫萼龙吐珠通过气孔调节降低蒸腾速率35.53%~62.93%、提高水分利用效率36.18%~173.83%来应对干旱胁迫;但也导致植株高度降低了24.14%~67.02%。3)龙吐珠和紫萼龙吐珠相比于炮仗花和蒜香藤拥有更好的抗旱性,可推广应用在干旱的园林绿化环境中;而炮仗花和蒜香藤抗旱一般,建议配置应用在土壤含水量相对丰富的环境中。
Taking Pyrostegia venusta,Mansoa alliaceae,Clerodendrum thomsonie,and Clerodendrum speciosum as test materials,a pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of sustained drought on the physiological and biochemical characteristics of different woody vines,in order to provide reference for the scientific application of these four woody vines in landscaping.The results showed that,1)mild drought treatment significantly increased water loss rate in wheat leaves of Pyrostegia venusta and Clerodendrum thomsonae by 44.74%and 83.47%,respectively,leading to leaf curling and subsequent leaf drop.But the rate of water loss followed a trend of initially rising,then falling,and finally rising again under a gradient of mild to moderate to severe drought stress,indicating that lianas could actively adapt to drought stress.This was confirmed by the observed increase in leaf soluble sugar,proline,and other osmotic adjustment substances,coupled with a decrease in malondialdehyde content during the same period.In particular,the chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and carotenoid contents of Clerodendrum speciosum under drought stress were 8.07%-72.83%higher than those in the control group,indicating good photosynthetic ability and drought resistance.2)As the degree of drought increased,both Clerodendrum thomsonae and Clerodendrum speciosum mitigate drought stress by reducing their transpiration rate by 35.53%-62.93%and enhancing water use efficiency by 36.18%-173.83%through stomatal regulation.However,this adaptation also resulted in a reduction of plant height by 24.14%-67.02%.3)A comparative analysis revealed that Clerodendrum thomsonae and Clerodendrum speciosum exhibited better drought resistance than Pyrostegia venusta and Mansoa alliacea,making them were more suitable for using in dry garden greening environments.The drought resistance of Pyrostegia venusta,Mansoa alliacea was moderate,and it was recommended to be applied in the environment with relatively abundant soil water content.
作者
冼丽铧
王琳琅
冯嘉仪
翁殊斐
张波
XIAN Lihua;WANG Linlang;FENG Jiayi;WENG Shufei;ZHANG Bo(College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510642;Guangdong Eco-engineering Polytechnic,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510520)
出处
《北方园艺》
北大核心
2025年第5期90-98,共9页
Northern Horticulture
基金
国家自然科学基金面上资助项目(32171852)。
关键词
木质藤本
干旱胁迫
光合特性
渗透调节
lianas
drought stress
photosynthetic characteristics
osmotic regulation
