摘要
目的:了解6~12月龄婴儿贫血情况及其影响因素,为贫血干预工作提供依据。方法:选取2019-2023年在北京市海淀区社区卫生服务机构进行儿童健康体检且完成血红蛋白检测的6~12月龄婴儿79933人,分析其贫血患病率及影响因素。单因素分析采用χ^(2)检验,多因素分析采用logistic回归分析。结果:2019-2023年海淀区6~12月龄婴儿贫血患病率为11.5%,5年间无明显下降趋势。logistic回归分析结果显示,与女婴相比,男婴更容易发生贫血(OR=1.385,95%CI为1.324~1.448);随着母亲分娩年龄增长,婴儿发生贫血的风险降低;早产(OR=1.507,95%CI为1.409~1.612)、低出生体重(OR=1.311,95%CI为1.176~1.463)、产次为2次(OR=1.241,95%CI为1.811~1.305)、剖宫产(OR=1.224,95%CI为1.169~1.282)、户籍为外地(OR=1.162,95%CI为1.107~1.219)的婴儿更易发生贫血。结论:2019-2023年海淀区6~12月龄婴儿贫血患病率无显著下降趋势,贫血与性别、母亲分娩年龄、生产方式、是否多胎妊娠、户籍、产次等因素有关。
OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence of anemia among infants aged 6~12 months in Haidian District of Beijing,and identify its associated factors to inform intervention strategies.METHODS The 79933 subjects included infants aged 6~12 months who underwent health examinations and hemoglobin assessments at community health service institutions in Haidian District from 2019 to 2023.The prevalence of anemia and its influencing factors were analyzed usingχ^(2) tests and logistic regression analysis.RESULTS The overall prevalence of anemia among infants aged 6~12 months in Haidian District during this period was 11.5%,with no significant downward trend observed over the five years.logistic regression analysis indicated that male infants exhibited a higher likelihood of developing anemia compared to female counterparts(OR=1.385,95%CI:1.324~1.448).Additionally,the risk of anemia decreased with increasing maternal age at delivery.Factors such as preterm birth(OR=1.507,95%CI:1.409~1.612),low birth weight(OR=1.311,95%CI:1.176~1.463),being a second child(OR=1.241,95%CI:1.811~1.305),cesarean section delivery(OR=1.224,95%CI:1.169~1.282),and migrant infants(OR=1.162,95%CI:1.107~1.219)were identified as significant contributors to increased risk for anemia among these infants.CONCLUSION There has been no significant decline in the incidence rate of anemia among infants aged six to twelve months within Haidian District from 2019 to 2023.The identified influencing factors include gender,maternal age at delivery,mode of delivery,multiparous pregnancy,hukou classification,status of preterm birth,and low birth weight.
作者
张倩
高素红
袁全莲
Zhang Qian;Gao Suhong;Yuan Quanlian(Haidian District Maternal and Child Hhealth Care Hospital,Beijing,100080,China)
出处
《中国初级卫生保健》
2025年第2期79-82,共4页
Chinese Primary Health Care
关键词
婴儿
贫血
影响因素
infants
anemia
influencing factors
