摘要
随着世界载人航天的发展,近地轨道活动更加关注可持续性,同时航天强国将载人航天目标瞄准更远的月球和深空,在此背景下,国外正在积极推动新型载人飞船的研制工作。以载人龙飞船、星际客船、猎户座飞船、雄鹰飞船、天空飞船等新型载人飞船为研究对象,首先介绍各型飞船的基本情况,然后从自逃逸、重复使用、对接机构、群伞系统、着陆缓冲、信息系统等方面分析其技术特点,最后从系统建设、系统性能、发展模式等方面分析国外新型载人飞船的发展趋势,以期为中国载人航天器设计提供参考。
With the development of human spaceflight,sustainability is more focused in the low-Earth orbit human spaceflight activities.At the same time,the space powers are targeting at further destinations,such as the moon and deep space and new manned spacecraft are being developed.Five manned spacecraft,including Crew Dragon,Starliner,Orion,Orel,Gaganyaan,are re-searched and the technical characteristics in terms of push-type escape system,reusability,docking mechanism,multiple parachute system,landing system,information system are analyzed..The de-velopment trend of new manned spacecraft abroad is analyzed from the aspects of system construc-tion,system performance and development mode which may serve as a reference for the development of human spaceflight in China.
作者
何慧东
王功波
张蕊
HE Huidong;WANG Gongbo;ZHANG Rui(Beijing Institute of Space Science and Technology Information,Beijing 100094,China;China Astronaut Research and Training Center,Beijing 100094,China)
出处
《载人航天》
北大核心
2025年第1期118-123,共6页
Manned Spaceflight
关键词
载人飞船
系统设计
技术特点
发展趋势
manned spacecraft
system design
technical characteristics
development trend
