摘要
【目的】针对新鲜黄精须根繁多、韧性大难以去除的问题,提出一种结合干燥工艺去除须根的新方法,通过对黄精进行干燥处理,使黄精须根失水变脆,在剪切作用下,实现黄精须根的去除。通过研究黄精在不同取样部位、不同含水率和加载速率条件下其须根的剪切力学特性,可为黄精须根机械化去除提供数据参考。【方法】以4年生多花黄精为试验对象,根据黄精不同取样部位进行分组,分为上表面须根组和下表面须根组共2个试验组,并测量上、下表面须根的初始直径;再通过干燥获得不同含水率的黄精,对这些黄精的含水率和须根直径进行测量,并设置质构仪的加载速率,对须根进行剪切力学特性试验。【结果】获得黄精须根剪切试验的载荷-位移曲线,该载荷-位移曲线分为4个阶段:剪切力近似线性增长阶段、剪切力振荡波动阶段、剪切力近似指数增长阶段、剪切力急速下降阶段。试验条件下,剪切力范围为1.39~44.37N,剪切强度范围为0.63~20.41MPa。黄精须根的剪切强度受取样部位和含水率影响显著(P<0.01);加载速率对黄精须根剪切强度无显著影响(P>0.05);各因素对黄精须根剪切强度影响的主次顺序依次为:含水率、取样部位和加载速率。【结论】当黄精须根含水率为(4.08±2)%时,须根的剪切力和剪切强度最小,剪切力均值为3.16N,剪切强度均值为0.83MPa,此时最适宜进行黄精须根去除。研究结果可为黄精须根机械化去除和参数选取提供理论和数据支撑,为黄精脱须工艺的优化提供参考。
[Objective]In order to solve the problem that it is difficult to remove the fibrous roots of fresh Polygonatum sibiricum,a new method of fibrous root removal combined with the drying process is proposed.By drying Polygonatum sibiricum,the fibrous roots of Polygonatum sibiricum become brittle,then the fibrous roots of Polygonatum sibiricum is removed by shearing.Investigating the differences in the shear mechanical properties of Polygonatum sibiricum under different sampling sites,different water contents and loading rates can provide data reference for the mechanized removal of Polygonatum sibiricum.[Method]The 4-year-old Polygonatum sibiricum cyrtonema Hua was used as the test object.According to the different sampling parts of Polygonatum sibiricum cyrtonema Hua,it was divided into two test groups:the upper surface fibrous root group and the lower surface fibrous root group,and the initial diameters of the whiskers on the upper surface and the lower surface were measured;then Polygonatum sibiricums with different water contents were obtained by heating in an oven,and the whisker diameters and water contents of the whiskers of Polygonatum sibiricums were measured,the loading rates of the texture apparatus were set up,and shear mechanical characteristic tests were conducted on the whiskers.[Result]The load-displacement curve of the shear test of Polygonatum sibiricum was obtained,which was divided into four phases:shear approximate linear growth phase,shear oscillatory fluctuation phase,shear approximate exponential growth phase,and shear sharp decline phase.Under the test conditions,the range of the shear force was 1.39-40.20 N,and the range of the shear strength was 0.63-20.41 MPa.The shear strength of Polygonatum sibiricum was significantly affected by sampling site and water content(P<0.01);the loading rate had no significant effect on the shear strength of Polygonatum sibiricum(P>0.05);and the primary and secondary order of the effect of each factor on the shear strength of Polygonatum sibiricum was:water content>sampling site>loading rate.[Conclusion]When the water content of Polygonatum sibiricum was(4.08±2)%,the mean value of shear force was 3.16 N,and the mean value of shear strength was 0.83 MPa,which was the most suitable for Polygonatum sibiricum removal.This study can provide theoretical and data support for the mechanized removal of Polygonatum sibiricum and parameter selection,and provide reference for the optimization of Polygonatum sibiricum dehiscence process.
作者
郭宇辉
邓勇杰
胡淑芬
赖曲芳
刘木华
邓吉
李长江
GUO Yuhui;DENG Yongjie;HU Shufen;LAI Qufang;LIU Muhua;DENG Ji;LI Changjiang(College of Engineering,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China;Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment,Nanchang 330045,China;Jiangxi Jingzheng Agricultural and Forestry Technology Development Co.,Ltd.,Yichun,Jiangxi 336200,China)
出处
《江西农业大学学报》
北大核心
2025年第1期193-204,共12页
Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis
基金
国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目(32360431)。
关键词
黄精
须根
力学特性
剪切试验
Polygonatum sibiricum
fibrous roots
mechanical properties
shear test
