摘要
随着工业化与城镇化的迅猛推进,一系列新型污染物,诸如药物残留、个人护理产品及工业化学品等逐渐浮出水面,这些污染物以其低浓度存在、高毒性影响、易于生物累积及环境持久性等特点,对生态环境及人类健康构成了严峻威胁。新型污染物作为一类近期被识别或开始受到广泛瞩目的环境污染物,其特点在于含量虽低但毒性显著。其中,微塑料、抗生素以及环境内分泌干扰物等新型污染物问题尤为凸显,如何高效地识别并监测这些污染物已成为环境科学领域研究者们的核心关注点。本文将深入剖析新型污染物的特性、危害及其监测难点,并综述当前环境监测领域的最新研究动态,特别是针对微塑料、抗生素及环境内分泌干扰物等污染物的检测技术。通过对比各种监测方法的优劣,为环境工作者在选择适宜的监测手段时提供指导,以期实现对新型污染物的快速、精准识别与监测。
With the rapid advancement of industrialization and urbanization,a series of new pollutants,such as drug residues,personal care products,and industrial chemicals,have gradually emerged.These pollutants pose a serious threat to the ecological environment and human health due to their low concentration,high toxicity,easy bioaccumulation,and environmental persistence.New pollutants,as a type of environmental pollutant that has recently been identified or begun to receive widespread attention,are characterized by their low content but significant toxicity.Among them,the problems of new pollutants such as microplastics,antibiotics,and environmental endocrine disruptors are particularly prominent.How to efficiently identify and monitor these pollutants has become a core concern for researchers in the field of environmental science.This article will deeply analyze the characteristics,hazards,and monitoring difficulties of new pollutants,and summarize the latest research trends in the field of environmental monitoring,especially the detection technologies for pollutants such as microplastics,antibiotics,and environmental endocrine disruptors.By comparing the advantages and disadvantages of various monitoring methods,guidance is provided for environmental workers in selecting appropriate monitoring methods,in order to achieve rapid and accurate identification and monitoring of new pollutants.
作者
杨越
YANG Yue(Dezhou Ecological Environment Monitoring Center of Shandong Province,Dezhou 253000,China)
出处
《实验室检测》
2024年第12期87-90,共4页
Laboratory Testing
关键词
新型环境污染物
监测技术
监测挑战
new environmental pollutants
monitoring technology
monitoring challenges
