摘要
为解析河南省典型工业城市秋冬季大气细颗粒物(PM_(2.5))的污染特征及主要来源,提高大气污染防治的针对性,以许昌市为例,于2019年10月—2020年1月采集4个点位PM_(2.5)样品,对其碳质组分、无机元素和水溶性离子进行分析。结果表明:许昌市PM_(2.5)日均浓度值为16.2~222.1μg/m^(3),均值为86.0μg/m^(3),是GB 3095—2012《环境空气质量标准》中二级浓度限值(75μg/m^(3))的1.1倍;有机碳/元素碳(OC/EC)的平均值为9.0,硫氧化速率(SOR)和氮氧化速率(NOR)均>0.1,说明PM_(2.5)受二次转化影响较大;SO_(4)^(2-)、NO_(3)^(-)和NH_(4)^(+)等水溶性离子占PM_(2.5)质量浓度的41.3%;富集因子(enrichment factor,EF)法分析显示,Sb、Sn、Bi、Br、Zn、Pb、Cs和Cu的EF值>100,说明许昌市PM_(2.5)可能受到了燃煤和机动车怠速排放影响;正交矩阵因子分析(PMF模型)结果表明,许昌市在秋冬季PM_(2.5)来源主要为二次无机源、燃烧源和机动车排放源,其贡献率分别为38.6%、19.9%和14.1%。除本地污染物积累转化外,经过漯河市、开封市、平顶山市以及河南省周边城市的区域性贡献也是导致许昌市PM_(2.5)污染的原因。
To analyze the pollution characteristics and main sources of atmospheric fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))in typical industrial cities during autumn and winter in Henan Province,taking Xuchang as an example,PM_(2.5)samples were collected from four sites in Xuchang from October 2019 to January 2020,and the concentrations,carbon components,inorganic elements and water-soluble ions of PM_(2.5)were analyzed.The results showed that the daily concentration of PM_(2.5)in Xuchang ranged from 16.2μg/m^(3) to 222.1μg/m^(3),and the daily average concentration was 86.0μg/m^(3),which was 1.1 times of the limiting value specified in Ambient Air Quality Standards(GB 3095-2012)(75μg/m^(3)).The average value of organic carbon/elemental carbon(OC/EC)in the composition was 9.0,and sulfur oxidation rate(SOR)and nitrogen oxidation rate(NOR)were significantly greater than 0.1,indicating that PM_(2.5)in Xuchang was affected by secondary transformation;the most important water-soluble ions such as SO_(2)^(-)4,NO_(3)^(-) and NH_(4)^(+),accounted for 41.3%of the total mass concentration of PM_(2.5).Enrichment factor analysis showed that the enrichment factor(EF)values of Sb,Sn,Bi,Br,Zn,Pb,Cs,and Cu were all higher than 100,possibly due to the influence of coal combustion and idling vehicle emissions.Positive matrix factor(PMF)analysis proved that PM_(2.5)in Xuchang during the study period was mainly derived from secondary inorganic sources,combustion sources and vehicle sources,with a contribution rate of 38.6%,19.9%,and 14.1%,respectively.Apart from local pollutant accumulation and transformation,regional contribution from cities such as Luohe,Kaifeng,Pingdingshan,and surrounding areas of Henan Province was also significant factor contributing to PM_(2.5)pollution in Xuchang.
作者
徐媛倩
付广宇
盛浩哲
岳利波
孙鹏
罗艺琳
曹佳慧
曹霞
陈阳
XU Yuanqian;FU Guangyu;SHENG Haozhe;YUE Libo;SUN Peng;LUO Yilin;CAO Jiahui;CAO Xia;CHEN Yang(School of Materials and Chemical Engineering,Zhengzhou University of Light Industry,Zhengzhou 450000,China;Key Laboratory of Reservoir Aquatic Environment,Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chongqing 400714,China)
出处
《环境工程》
CSCD
2024年第12期136-144,共9页
Environmental Engineering
基金
大气重污染成因与治理攻关项目(DQGG202136)
国家自然科学基金项目(42075109)。
关键词
PM_(2.5)
化学组成
污染特征
来源解析
PM_(2.5)
component composition
pollution characterization
source apportionment
