摘要
为满足市场对对复合材料高性能、绿色和环保的要求,本研究以聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(4080纤维)为基体,亚麻纤维为增强体,采用针刺非织造技术和热压技术成功制备了一种工序简单、力学性能优异、可生物降解的亚麻纤维增强4080纤维的复合材料。研究了成型温度、成型时间、亚麻纤维含量对复合材料形貌、热稳定性、力学性能等的影响。结果表明,最佳模压工艺为温度180℃、时间12 min。亚麻纤维含量(质量分数)为40%时,复合材料拉伸强度、弯曲强度和弯曲模量最大,分别为36.51、40.56和1963.17 MPa。升温可使4080纤维熔融提高黏结性,但超180℃会破坏亚麻纤维组织;模压时间不足12 min,4080纤维熔融不完全,超12 min会破坏化学结构。亚麻纤维含量增加,拉伸强度等先增后减,断裂伸长率先减后增。热稳定性方面,4080纤维比例增大,起始热分解温度和最大热分解温度升高。形貌分析显示亚麻纤维含量为40%时,纤维黏附性最好。该工艺环境友好、简单,有望用于汽车内饰等批量生产。
To meet the market requirements for high performance,green and environmental protection of composite materials,the polyethylene terephthalate(4080 fibers)was used as the matrix,the flax fiber was used as the reinforcement,then a kind of biodegradable flax fiber reinforced 4080 fiber composite material with simple processes and excellent mechanical properties was successfully prepared by needling nonwoven technology and the hot pressing technology.The effects of molding temperature,molding time and flax fiber content on the morphologies,thermal stability and mechanical properties of the composites were studied.The optimum molding process is 180℃and 12 min.When the flax fiber content(mass fraction)is 40%,the tensile strength,bending strength and bending modulus of the composite are the highest,which are 36.51,40.56 and 1963.17 MPa,respectively.Increasing temperatures could melt 4080 fibers to improve adhesion,but the temperature over 180℃would destroy flax fiber tissue.When the molding time is less than 12 min,the melting of 4080 fibers is not complete,and the chemical structures would be destroyed after 12 min.With the increase of flax fiber content,tensile strength increases first and then decreases,fracture elongation decreases first and then increases.In terms of thermal stability,with the increase of 4080 fiber proportion,the initial thermal decomposition temperature and the maximum thermal decomposition temperature increase.The morphology analysis show that the fiber adhesion is the best when the content of flax fiber is 40%.The process is environmentally friendly and simple,and it is expected to be used in mass productions such as automotive interiors.
作者
王宏伟
杨人元
周腾
占晓
徐余欢
龙雪彬
秦舒浩
WANG Hongwei;YANG Renyuan;ZHOU Teng;ZHAN Xiao;XU Yuhuan;LONG Xuebin;QIN Shuhao(Guizhou Nationalities University Chemical Engineering,Guiyang 550025,China;National Engineering and Technology Research Center of Composite Modified Polymer Materials,Guiyang 550014,China)
出处
《塑料工业》
北大核心
2025年第1期127-133,共7页
China Plastics Industry
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(52163001)
贵州民族大学科研平台资助项目(GZMUGCZX〔2021〕01)
贵阳市专家工作站(ZJGZZ2021-07)
贵州省高性能聚合物材料科技创新人才团队建设(黔科合平台人才-CXTD〔2023〕012)
新能源汽车电线电缆产业化关键技术应用与示范(黔科合成果〔2024〕一般082)。
关键词
复合材料
亚麻纤维
热压
非织造垫
聚酯纤维
Composite Material
Flax Fiber
Hot Pressing
Nonwoven Pad
Polyester Fiber
