摘要
[目的]研究相同营养水平和饲养管理条件下,产双羔和三羔对母羊采食量、体况及羔羊增重的影响。[方法]选择体重相近、年龄和胎次(2胎)一致的哺乳期兴羔肉羊双羔母羊和三羔母羊各5只。试验羊单栏饲养,后附羔羊隔离补饲栏,母羊早晚各饲喂1次,试验期为45 d。监测母羊的采食量和体重,同时监测羔羊哺乳量、开食料采食量和增重情况。[结果]试验期间双羔母羊和三羔母羊的平均日采食量无显著(P>0.05)差异,三羔母羊的体重损失量大于双羔母羊,双羔组羔羊的平均初生重和平均总增重大于三羔组羔羊,但差异都不显著(P>0.05)。双羔组羔羊的平均日增重(每5 d为一个周期)高于三羔组羔羊,其中,16~20日龄、21~25日龄两组羔羊的平均日增重差异达到极显著(P<0.01)水平。双羔组羔羊的平均日哺乳量(每5 d为一个周期)高于三羔组羔羊,其中,1~5日龄两组羔羊的平均日哺乳量差异达到极显著(P<0.01)水平。三羔组羔羊8~10日龄的开食料平均日采食量显著(P<0.05)高于双羔组羔羊,双羔组羔羊31~35、36~40、41~45日龄的开食料平均日采食量显著(P<0.05)高于三羔组羔羊。双羔组羔羊的平均日哺乳量与开食料平均日采食量呈极显著负相关(R=-0.94,P=0.002),三羔组羔羊的平均日增重与开食料平均日采食量呈显著正相关(R=0.86,P=0.024),三羔组羔羊的平均日增重与平均日哺乳量呈显著负相关(R=-0.79,P=0.048)。[结论]在相同的营养水平和饲养管理条件下,兴羔肉羊三羔母羊哺乳期的体重损失量大于双羔母羊;胎产三羔羔羊的平均初生重、平均日增重和平均日哺乳量低于胎产双羔羔羊;产羔数在2个以上时,仅靠母乳的喂养难以满足羔羊的生长发育,应采取科学合理的早期补饲措施。
[Objective]Investigate the impact of ewes giving birth to twin and triplet lambs on their feed intake,body condition,and lamb weight gain under consistent nutritional levels and feeding management conditions.[Methods]Xinggao mutton sheep were selected as the experimental animals,and five ewes that had given birth to twin lambs and five ewes that had given birth to triplet lambs during the lactation period were chosen for the feeding experiment.The experimental sheep were housed in individual pens,each equipped with an attached supplementary feeding area for lambs,and the ewes were fed once in the morning and once in the evening for a 45 days trial period.Ewes are monitored for feed intake and body weight,while lambs are monitored for lactation,starter feed consumption,and weight gain.[Results]During the experiment,there was no significant(P>0.05)difference in the average daily feed intake between ewes with twin lambs and ewes with triplet lambs.The weight loss of ewes with triplet lambs was greater than that of ewes with twin lambs.The average birth weight and average total weight gain of lambs in the twin-lamb group were greater than those in the triplet-lamb group,but the differences were not significant(P>0.05).The average daily weight gain of lambs in the twin-lamb group(on a 5-day cycle)was greater than that of the triplet-lamb group.Notably,the difference in average daily weight gain between the two groups at ages 16-20 days and 21-25 days reached an extremely significant level(P<0.01).Similarly,the average daily milk intake of lambs in the twin-lamb group was higher than that of the triplet-lamb group,with a significant(P<0.01)difference observed at ages 1-5 days.Conversely,the average daily intake of starter feed in the triplet-lamb group at 8-10 days was significantly higher(P<0.05)than that of the twin-lamb group.In contrast,the twin-lamb group demonstrated significantly higher(P<0.05)average daily starter feed intake than the triplet-lamb group at ages 31-35 days,36-40 days,and 41-45 days.Furthermore,the average daily milk intake of lambs in the twin-lamb group exhibited an extremely significant negative correlation with the average daily intake of starter feed(R=-0.94,P=0.002).In the triplet-lamb group,the average daily weight gain was significantly positively correlated with the average daily intake of starter feed(R=0.86,P=0.024),while it was significantly negatively correlated with the average daily milk intake(R=-0.79,P=0.048).[Conclusion]Under identical nutritional and feeding management conditions,the weight loss experienced by three-lambing ewes of Xinggao mutton sheep during the lactation period is greater than that of two-lambing ewes.Additionally,the average birth weight,average daily gain,and average daily milk intake of three-lambing lambs are lower than those of two-lambing lambs.When the number of lambs exceeds two,reliance solely on breast milk becomes insufficient to support the growth and development of the lambs;therefore,it is essential to implement scientific and reasonable early supplementary feeding measures.
作者
李九月
王泳
田丰
刘学文
梁武英
陈木兰
薛树媛
LI Jiuyue;WANG Yong;TIAN Feng;LIU Xuewen;LIANG Wuying;CHEN Mulan;XUE Shuyuan(Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhtot010031,China;Xing An Vocational and Technical College,Ulanhot137400,China;Animal Husbandry Workstation of Hinggan League,Ulanhot137400,China)
出处
《畜牧与饲料科学》
2024年第6期93-100,共8页
Animal Husbandry and Feed Science
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD1301705)
农牧业科技转移转化资金项目“多胎多羔羊‘母子一体化’养殖关键技术及粗饲料资源开发利用示范与推广”(2022TG11-2)。
关键词
母羊
产羔数
采食量
羔羊
增重
ewes
number of lambs
feed intake
lambs
weight gain
