摘要
党的二十届三中全会强调了资本等生产要素在高水平社会主义市场经济体制中的积极作用,因而深刻理解资本与现代化的关系,对于推进中国式现代化具有重要理论意义和现实意义。现代化追求机械化、工业化、市场化,追求生产力高度发展,这是中华民族复兴与发展的必由之路;同时现代化也造成了人类历史上的最大一次断裂,根本性地改变了人类此前的生产生活方式、经济形态和社会形态。而西方式现代化实际上就是将生产活动、经济活动全部交给资本组织。资本的本质是追求利润增殖,因而与资本增殖无关的自然生态环境、传统人文精神等都遭到了破坏;但是资本又是中国当下组织生产等经济活动不可或缺的生产要素。中国式现代化对资本既要“放得活”又要“管得住”,既要释放资本在组织生产、发展经济上的效益,同时又要给资本设置伦理、法律和政治的界限。因此,我们应该改变此前对资本的“利用、限制、改造”政策,而采取“利用、规范与引导”的总方针,这应是中国式现代化在现阶段对待资本问题的基本方略与选择。
The Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee underscored the positive role of capital and other production factors in a high-level socialist market economy system.Understanding the relationship between capital and modernization is of great theoretical and practical significance for the Chinese path to modernization.Modernization,encompassing mechanization,industrialization,marketization and the advanced development of productive forces,is essential for the revitalization and development of the Chinese nation.However,modernization has also brought about the most significant disruption in human history,fundamentally altering previous production patterns,lifestyles,and economic and social forms.Western path to modernization has essentially transferred all production and economic activities to capital-driven organizations.The core of capital is the pursuit of profit proliferation,leading to the degradation of natural ecological environments and the erosion of traditional humanistic values unrelated to capital growth.Nevertheless,capital remains an indispensable production factor for China's current economic activities,such as organizing production.The Chinese path to modernization requires both"flexibility"and"control"over capital.It is essential to harness the benefits of capital in organizing production and driving economic development while setting ethical,legal,and political boundaries for capital.Therefore,the previous policy of"utilizing,restricting,and transforming"capital should be replaced with a general policy of"utilizing,regulating,and guiding"capital.This should serve as the fundamental strategy and choice for the Chinese path to modernization in addressing capital-related issues at this stage.
出处
《济南大学学报(社会科学版)》
2025年第1期13-20,189,共9页
Journal of University of Jinan:Social Science Edition
关键词
中国式现代化
西方式现代化
资本增殖
人文精神
生态危机
Chinese path to modernization
Western path to modernization
profit proliferation
humanistic values
ecological crisis
