摘要
【目的】研究武隆大鲵养殖环境质量及其食用对人体健康的潜在风险,为大鲵的清洁生产及其品质提升提供科学参考。【方法】采用火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定武隆大鲵养殖基地水体,以及1龄、3龄大鲵肌肉和肝脏组织中的铜(Cu)、铅(Pb)、锌(Zn)、铬(Cr)、镍(Ni)、锰(Mn)重金属含量,分析重金属迁移富集特征。利用单因子污染指数法和内梅罗综合污染指数法评价重金属污染程度;利用生物富集系数(BCF)、生物积累系数(BAF)、目标危害系数(THQ)和总目标危害系数(TTHQ)对食用大鲵各组织器官的潜在人体健康风险进行评价。【结果】基地养殖水体和大鲵肌肉、肝脏中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr、Ni、Mn平均含量分别为0.0030、0.0280、0.0008、0.0030、0.0105、0.0061 mg/L和1.0002、0.3616、8.3566、0.0230、0.0075、0.1982 mg/kg,均未超出我国食品质量标准值,养殖水体无明显重金属污染;但大鲵肌肉和肝脏中的Pb含量超过联合国粮食及农业组织和联合国世界卫生组织(FAO/WHO)及欧盟委员会的限量值(0.3 mg/kg),存在Pb污染风险。大鲵肌肉和肝脏组织对Zn和Cu的富集能力较强,且Zn的BCF随大鲵的年龄增长而增加;与肌肉相比,肝脏的富集能力更强,食用风险更大。THQ和TTHQ均小于1,食用大鲵各组织无明显的健康风险,但Pb对TTHQ的贡献率较大。【结论】武隆养殖基地大鲵的食用对人群无明显的重金属危害风险,食用安全性高;但应加强对养殖水体Pb的来源控制和大鲵体内Pb的监测,有助于重庆武隆大鲵食用品质的提升。
【Objective】To study the breeding environment quality of Wulong giant salamander and its potential risk to human health by consuming,which could provide reference for the cleaner production and quality improvement of giant salamander.【Method】The heavy metal contents of copper(Cu),lead(Pb),zinc(Zn),chromium(Cr),nickel(Ni)and manganese(Mn)in the water of the breeding base of Wulong giant salamander and the muscle and liver tissues of 1-year-old and 3-year-old giant Salamander were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry,the migra‐tion and enrichment characteristics of heavy metals were analyzed.The pollution degree of heavy metals was evaluated by single factor pollution index method and Nemerow comprehensive pollution index method.Bioconcentration factor(BCF),bioaccumulation factor(BAF),target hazard quotient(THQ),and total target hazard quotient(TTHQ)were used to evaluate the potential human health risks of eating tissues and organs of giant salamander.【Result】The average contents of Cu,Pb,Zn,Cr,Ni and Mn in the cultured water as well as muscle and liver of giant salamanders were 0.0030,0.0280,0.0008,0.0030,0.0105 and 0.0061 mg/L respectively,and 1.0002,0.3616,8.3566,0.0230,0.0075 and 0.1982 mg/kg respectively.These levels did not exceed food quality standards in China,indicating no obvious heavy metal contamination in the aquaculture water.However,the Pb content in the muscle and liver tissues of the giant sala‐mander exceeded the limit set by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,the World Health Organiza‐tion(FAO/WHO),and the European Commission(0.3 mg/kg),posing a potential risk of Pb pollution.The accumulation capacity of Zn and Cu in the muscle and liver was strong,and BCF of Zn increased with the age of the giant salamander,with higher accumulation observed in the liver compared to muscle tissue,making liver consuming more risky.Both THQ and TTHQ were below 1,suggesting no obvious health risks associated with consuming giant salamander tissues.How‐ever,Pb contributed greatly to TTHQ.【Conclusion】Consumption of giant salamander from the Wulong breeding base poses no obvious risk of heavy metal exposure to human and is considered safe.Nevertheless,it is essential to strengthen the control of Pb sources in aquaculture water and monitor Pb levels in giant salamanders to enhance the food safety of giant salamander products from Wulong,Chongqing.
作者
董悦玲
蔡明成
兰宗宝
李晓英
朱启红
秦凤
喻恒
刘菊梅
司万童
樊汶樵
DONG Yue-ling;CAI Ming-cheng;LAN Zong-bao;LI Xiao-ying;ZHU Qi-hong;QIN Feng;YU Heng;LIU Ju-mei;SI Wan-tong;FAN Wen-qiao(College of Biology and Food Engineering,Chongqing Three Gorges University,Chongqing 404100,China;College of Smart Agriculture,Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences,Chongqing 402160,China;Agricultural Science and Technology Information Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning,Guangxi 530007,China;Chongqing Key Laboratory for Resource Utilization of Heavy Metal Wastewater/Aquatic Ecosystems in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region of Chongqing Observation and Research Station,Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences,Chongqing 402160,China)
出处
《南方农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第11期3444-3452,共9页
Journal of Southern Agriculture
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(42103078)
重庆市教委科学技术研究计划项目(KJQN202301313)
重庆市自然科学基金创新发展联合基金项目(CSTB2024NSCQ-LZX0070)。
关键词
武隆大鲵
重金属污染
健康风险
目标危害系数
Wulong giant salamander
heavy metal pollution
health risks
target hazard quotientFoundation
