摘要
三星堆祭祀区考古发掘过程中,为真实、完整地保存揭露遗迹原状,开展了较为全面、系统的考古遗址现场保护工作,保护理念依次为“目标—方法—研究—技术”四个层面,即阶段保护与长期保存相延续、环境调控与病害干预相协同、监测结果与保护实践相联系以及保护效果与考古需求相结合。保护方法主要包括赋存环境调控、病害进程干预、前期勘察研究等,达到了减缓病害发育速度与减弱病害发育程度、及时控制结构性病害发展进程、科学指导现场保护工作等目的。三星堆祭祀区考古遗址现场保护工作对潮湿环境考古遗址现场保护理念和方法进行了有益的探索,能够为类似遗址现场保护工作提供参考。
The Sanxingdui sacrificial area is a typical earthen site in a wet environment.At present,opinion differs within academic circle of culture heritage conservation as to the idea and methodology of the preservation of such sites.For archaeological sites during excavation,the challenges and problems are particularly intricate.This complexity frequently culminates in a deficiency of effective technical support for on-site protection efforts.During the excavation of the Sanxingdui sacrificial area,to preserve the original state of the archaeological site authentically and comprehensively,an extensive and systematic on-site protection initiative was meticulously implemented,aiming to establish a relatively consummate system of protection concept and methodology.The protection concepts are classified into four distinct levels based on the order of sequence.Firstly,there is the perpetuation of current protection and the pursuit of longterm preservation.Secondly,the coordination of environmental regulation and site deterioration intervention is accentuated.Thirdly,the connection between monitoring results and protection practices is of paramount significance.Finally,the combination of protection effects and the specific needs of archaeology is given due consideration.The protection methods primarily encompass preliminary investigation and research,environmental regulation for preservation purposes,and active intervention in the progression of site deterioration.The ultimate objective is to significantly decelerate the development speed of diseases and noticeably mitigate the degree of disease development.It is also imperative to timely control the development process of structural diseases and provide scientific guidance for on-site protection work.This undertaking has conducted a highly beneficial exploration of on-site protection concepts and methods for earthen sites in a wet environment and offers valuable references for similar archaeological sites.
出处
《四川文物》
北大核心
2024年第6期108-118,共11页
Sichuan Cultural Relics
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“古蜀地区文明化华夏化进程研究”(批准号:21&ZD223)
国家文物局“考古中国”重大项目“川渝地区巴蜀文明进程研究”
四川省科技计划“三星堆祭祀区考古遗址劣化机制与保护技术研究”(课题编号:2023YFS0463)。
关键词
三星堆遗址
祭祀区
考古遗址
现场保护
Sanxingdui site
Sacrificial area
Archaeological site
On-site preservation
