摘要
随着中国新能源产业和新基础设施项目对镍的需求增加,镍的战略价值不断提升,确定镍的含量和分布对于寻找新的镍矿床和缓解镍资源短缺至关重要。中国地球化学基准计划(CGB)通过3382个表层和3380个深层汇水域/土壤样品以及11602个岩石样品建立了镍的地球化学基准。中国岩石镍的基准值为12.1×10^(-6),背景值为22.2×10^(-6),与中国东部出露地壳丰度一致。超基性岩和基性岩的基准值分别为1317×10^(-6)和63.4×10^(-6),远高于中性岩基准值(17.5×10^(-6))和酸性岩基准值(3.19×10^(-6))。中国汇水域沉积物/土壤表层、深层镍基准值分别为23.6×10^(-6)和22.4×10^(-6),略低于其他大陆(国家),与中国区域化探水系沉积物镍中位值一致。母岩类型尤其是超基性-基性岩主要控制汇水域沉积物/土壤镍高值区的分布。镍的高值区(累频>85%)主要出现在蛇绿岩带、大火成岩省等超基性-基性岩区和长江中下游沿岸等黑色岩系区。镍地球化学异常与岩浆型镍矿耦合较好。岩石和汇水域沉积物/土壤中镍基准值主要受地质背景控制,但在化学风化作用强烈和碳酸盐岩发育区域,汇水域沉积物/土壤中镍基准值将发生富集。镍地球化学基准将为后续资源评价和环境基准建立提供定量参照标尺和数据基础。
The strategic value of nickel(Ni)continues to rise with the increase in demand for nickel from China’s new energy industries and infrastructure projects.Quantitative evaluation of nickel content and distribution is critical for nickel prospecting and for alleviating nickel shortage in China.The China Geochemical Baselines project(CGB)has established the geochemical baseline of Ni in China from 3382 top and 3380 deep catchment sediment/alluvial soil samples and 11602 rock samples.The Ni baseline(median value)and background levels in rock were 12.1×10^(-6) and 22.2×10^(-6),respectively,comparable to the Ni abundance level in exposed crust in eastern China,where ultrabasic and basic rocks had respectively baseline levels of 1317×10^(-6) and 63.4×10^(-6),much higher than intermediate(17.5×10^(-6))and felsic(3.19×10^(-6))rocks.In surface and deep layers of catchment sediment/alluvial soil the Ni baseline levels were 23.6×10^(-6) and 22.4×10^(-6),respectively,slightly lower compared to other continents(countries)and close to the average Ni level obtained from the Regional Geochemistry National Reconnaissance project(RGNR).Parent rock types,especially ultrabasic-basic rocks,predominantly controlled the distribution of Ni-enriched catchment sediments/alluvial soils.Nickel-enrichment areas(>85th percentile)were mainly in regions with widespread ultrabasic-basic outcrops,such as ophiolite belts,large igneous provinces,and black shales along the middle-lower Yangtze River.Nickel anomalies correlated well with magmatic Ni deposits.The geological setting mainly controlled Ni geochemical baselines in the sampled environments,whereas strong chemical weathering and well developed carbonate rocks could also contribute to Ni enrichment.The geochemical baseline of nickel provide a reference and data basis for further quantitative resource evaluation and establishment of environmental baselines.
作者
李龙雪
王学求
迟清华
刘东盛
刘汉粮
张必敏
周建
徐善法
聂兰仕
王玮
柳青青
LI Longxue;WANG Xueqiu;CHI Qinghua;LIU Dongsheng;LIU Hanliang;ZHANG Bimin;ZHOU Jian;XU Shanfa;NIE Lanshi;WANG Wei;LIU Qingqing(MNR Key Laboratory of Geochemical Exploration,Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration(IGGE),Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang 065000,China;UNESCO International Centre on Globalscale Geochemistry(ICGG),Langfang 065000,China)
出处
《地学前缘》
北大核心
2025年第1期36-49,共14页
Earth Science Frontiers
基金
国家重点研发计划项目“穿透性地球化学勘查技术(2016YFC0600600)”
深部探测专项“深部探测技术与实验研究(SinoProbe-04)”
中国地质调查局地质调查项目“化学地球基准与调查评价(DD20190450)”。
关键词
镍
地球化学基准
岩石
汇水域沉积物
土壤
nickel(Ni)
geochemical baselines
rocks
catchment sediment
alluvial soil
