摘要
时态信息是地理信息系统(GIS)中信息的重要一维,时态地理信息系统(TGIS)已成为当前国际GIS研究的热点.在地籍管理工作中,空间对象的历史状态和引起状态变化的相关事件等数据作为重要的存档资料都应当加以保存.在简要介绍了时态地理信息系统和时空数据模型之后,以地籍管理信息系统中的时态数据的管理来讨论适合实际地籍管理的宗地时空数据组织和查询.第一部分分析了宗地变更的基本类型,主要讨论了空间物体形态的变化,一般分为宗地合并、宗地分割和复杂变化.接着在第二部分则描述了宗地变化的时空拓扑关系——空间相交性(spatio-overlap)和时间相接性(time-meet).第三部分在不改变原有的数据库的存储结构的条件下,运用基态修正法,通过定义时态对象来构造宗地数据时空模型,据此在宗地层区分现状层和历史层来对时态数据进行数据组织.在第四部分,根据宗地数据的时空变化类型和时空拓扑关系,设计了查询算法进行宗地空间数据的时态查询,并提供了查询算法的关键代码.最后,我们以某市旧城改造的实验数据中进行了验证,实践表明运用该方法可以有效地对时态数据进行快照查询和任意宗地进行时态跟踪和搜索.
Time is an important dimension of the information in Geographical Information Systems (GIS). Recently, the research of the temporal GIS (TGIS) is a hotspot in the GIS field, especially in the background of building a dynamic and multi-dimensional world using GIS technology. A brief introduction to the TGIS and spatio-temporal data model was given in the beginning. With the development of the database technology, the spatio-temporal data model in GIS has been evolving from the classical relation data model to the extensible relation data model, and even to the object-oriented data model now. In the practical cadastral administration,temporal (or historical) information is beneficial and necessary. Various states of spatial objects as well as the events which cause the objects to change need to be recorded and manipulated in the database. In Section 1, the spatio-temporal process of land subdivision was mainly analyzed, which included three types of land lot spatial changes: (a) decomposition; (b) aggregation and (c) composite changes. And the spatio-temporal topology relation of the land lots to keep spatio-overlap and time-meet during the spatio-temporal changes was described in Section 2. Then in the following Section 3, based on the Base Increment Vector Model, a practical spatio-temporal data model was constructed, without changing the current fundamental GIS data structure. By using such a model, the spatio-temporal data of the cadastre management information system was organized by the division of historical layers and the present-day layers. In Section 4, in terms of the constrained conditions of spatio-overlap and time-meet relations between parent-child land lots, temporal query methods and the relative algorithms, which could query the chain of spatio-temporal of land subdivision, were introduced. In this section, a snapshot query of the temporal database and the temporal tracking and searching of any land lot could be achieved effectively. The work testified by the experimental data of the old town rebuild of some city.
出处
《南京大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2002年第6期786-793,共8页
Journal of Nanjing University（Natural Science）
基金
国家自然科学基金(49871062)
江苏省青年科技基金(BQ98026)
教育部高校骨干教师资助计划
