摘要
黑叶猴(Trachypithecus francoisi)属于我国一级重点保护野生动物,是世界上珍贵稀有灵长类动物之一。肠道微生物是动物机体内最重要的“微生物器官”,参与机体营养吸收、代谢调节及免疫功能,在维持生物体健康和适应性进化等方面均发挥至关重要的作用。探究不同栖息环境下黑叶猴肠道微生物群落结构特征及其在宿主能量代谢、营养平衡、食物消化等功能作用,对其种群保育具有重要的意义。但鲜少有研究聚焦于不同栖息环境特别是在圈养条件下黑叶猴由于食物的变化,从而引起的肠道微生物结构和功能改变及所产生的影响,这些目前尚不清楚。利用宏基因组测序技术比较分析了分别来自野外环境(5只)和圈养环境(4只)下的黑叶猴个体肠道微生物群落物种组成结构及功能差异。结果表明:在物种组成上,黑叶猴肠道内核心微生物群主要为厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes),野生黑叶猴独有的微生物群落数量大于圈养组,不同栖息环境下的黑叶猴肠道微生物群物种组成结构具有一定的相似性及差异性。Alpha多样性指数显示野外环境与圈养环境中的黑叶猴肠道微生物群落多样性和均匀度无显著性差异(P>0.05)。利用独立性检验发现,野外环境与圈养环境中的黑叶猴肠道微生物中出现极显著差异的为甲烷菌门(Methanobacteriota)(P<0.01)。在功能作用上,黑叶猴肠道微生物群落大部分基因与新陈代谢及基因与遗传信息处理相关,且野外环境与圈养环境黑叶猴中在氨基酰基TRNA生物合成、嘧啶代谢、丙酸代谢等相关途径中存在显著差异(P<0.05)。瘤胃球菌属(Ruminococcus)、布劳特氏菌属(Blautia)通过调节FOX2基因的表达提升了黑叶猴在圈养环境下生成乙酰基辅酶A的能力。研究揭示了贵州省野外环境和圈养环境对黑叶猴肠道微生物群落特征及功能的影响,有助于科学评估野外黑叶猴种群生理健康状况,并为这一珍稀物种的野外种群保护及圈养种群繁育提供肠道微生物学方面的理论依据。
Trachypithecus francoisi belongs to the wild animals under the first level of protection in China and is one of the most precious and rare primates in the world.Intestinal microorganisms are the most important″microbial organs″in animal body,which participate in nutrient absorption,metabolic regulation and immune function,and play a significant role in maintaining organism health and adaptive evolution.Studying the gut microbial community structure of T.francoisi in different habitats and their functions on host energy metabolism,nutritional balance and food digestion is significant for the conservation of endangered species.However,few studies have focused on the changes of intestinal microbial structure and function in different habitats,especially in captivity,resulting in unclear that due to changes in the diet of T.francoisi,and the effects.Metagenomic sequencing technology was used to compare and analyze the gut microbial community composition and function differences of wild(five individuals)and captive(four individuals)black langur monkeys in this study.The results showed that in terms of species composition,the gut core microbiota of T.francoisi was mainly Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes.The number of unique microbial communities of wild black langur monkeys was larger than that of captive group,and the species composition structure of intestinal microflora of langurs in different habitats had certain similarities and differences.The Alpha diversity index showed that there was no significant difference in gut microbial diversity and uniformity between wild and captive T.francoisi(P>0.05).By independence test,it was found that Methanobacteriota had the most significant difference between the intestinal microbes of T.francoisi in wild environment and captive environment(P<0.01).Functionally,most of the genes in the intestinal microbial community of T.francoisi was related to metabolism and genetic information,and there were significant differences between wild and captive T.francoisi in amino acyl TRNA biosynthesis,pyrimidine metabolism,propionic acid metabolism pathways(P<0.05).Ruminococcus and Blautia increased the ability of T.francoisi to produce Acetyl⁃CoA in captivity by regulating FOX2 gene expression.This study initially revealed the effects of the wild environment and captive environment on the characteristics and functions of the gut microbial community of T.francoisi in Guizhou Province,which is helpful for scientific assessment of the physiological health status of the wild population of black langur monkeys.This study also provides theoretical basis for the gut microbiology of this rare species in the wild population protection and captive population breeding.
作者
娄熙源
孙雪
刘讯
李剑峰
张超
吴安康
钱长江
冉景丞
张雪
孙悦
LOU Xiyuan;SUN Xue;LIU Xun;LI Jianfeng;ZHANG Chao;WU Ankang;QIAN Changjiang;RAN Jingcheng;ZHANG Xue;SUN Yue(School of Biological Sciences,Guizhou Education University,Guiyang 550018,China;Guizhou Fanjingshan Observation and Research Station for Forest Ecosystem,Jiangkou 554400,China;Guizhou Caohai Observation and Research Station for Wet Ecosystem,Weining 553199,China;Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Exploitation and Utilization in Colleges and Universities of Guizhou Province,Guiyang 550018,China;Guizhou Forest Wildlife Park,Xiuwen 550200,China;Mayanghe National Nature Reserve Administration,Tongren 565203,China;Guizhou Academy of Forestry Sciences,Guiyang 550005,China)
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第24期11472-11483,共12页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
贵州省林业局科研项目(黔林科合[2023]11)
贵州省教育厅高等学校科学研究青年项目(黔教技[2022]254号)
贵州师范学院大学生自主科研项目(2022DXS110)
贵州省科技支撑计划计划项目([20123]Y223)。
关键词
黑叶猴
肠道微生物
群落特征
饮食差异性
宏基因组测序技术
Trachypithecus francoisi
gut microbiota
community characteristics
dietary difference
metagenomic sequencing technology
